1. This Guideline supports the Principles for the Risk Analysis of Foods Derived from Modern Biotechnology and addresses safety and nutritional aspects of foods produced through the actions of recombinant-DNA microorganisms. The recombinant-DNA microorganisms that are used to produce these foods are typically derived using the techniques of modern biotechnology from strains that have a history ...

Biofuels; Microbial fermentations; Ethanol; Biodiesel demand by emerging economies and the recent increases in global oil prices. Multiple approaches are currently being researched for the use of microorganisms in the production of various biofuel (e.g. alcohols, hydrogen, biodiesel, and biogas) from multiple starting materials. This review provides a brief overview on the research currently un...

The discovery of life in seemingly prohibitive environments continues to challenge conventional concepts of the growth-limiting conditions of many cellular organisms. The diversity of extremophiles has barely been tapped -estimates generally agreeing that <1% of the microorganisms in the environment have been cultivated in pure cultures to date. The production of extremophilic biomass is very i...

The search for microorganisms giving higher yields of desired fermentation products has profited from the use of mutagenic agents. This approach has proved especially valuable in the isolation of superior strains of antibiotic producing cultures. However, large numbers of isolates must be tested because many are inferior to or no better than the parent organism. There is need for a method which...

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of various amounts of treated sunflower meal (SFM) with extracted tannins from pistachio hulls on in vitro gas production and ruminal fermentation in ruminants. The SFM was treated with pistachio extract concentrate (PEC), which contained 111.40 g kg-1 total phenol and 71.30 g kg-1 total tannin per dry matter of e...

the potential use of date syrup, for the production of carotenoids by rhodotorula glutinisin batch fermentation process, was investigated during 7 days. the results revealed that carbon (glucose or date syrup) and nitrogen sources [yeast extract, (nh4)2so4 and nh4no3] had a significant influence on biomass and carotenoid production. maximum yield of total carotenoid production (7.94 mg/l) with ...

Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) is considered the most notable medical scientist of his time and perhaps one of the most distinguished of all times in the history of medicine. From Dole in France to Paris, from a student of crystals to "living ferments," and from chemistry to biology and medicine, Pasteur changed the world for the benefit of humanity. The genius of Pasteur dealt with the most pressin...

Anthocyanin is the natural pigment which can easily extract from plants such as blackberry, mulberry and Karanda. Karanda (Carissa carandas Linn.) had the fully ripe dark violet fruit contains the large amount of natural anthocyanin. The effect of extraction conditions on anthocyanin content, total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity in the extract was investigated. The extract with high...

The potential use of date syrup, for the production of carotenoids by Rhodotorula glutinisin batch fermentation process, was investigated during 7 days. The results revealed that carbon (glucose or date syrup) and nitrogen sources [yeast extract, (NH4)2SO4 and NH4NO3] had a significant influence on biomass and carotenoid production. Maximum yield of total carotenoid production (7.94 mg/L) with ...

A new method for the production of pectin from citrus peel was developed. For this purpose, a microorganism which produces a protopectin-solubilizing enzyme was isolated and identified as a variety of Trichosporon penicillatum. The most suitable conditions for the pectin production were determined as follows. Citrus (Citrus unshiu) peel was suspended in water (1:2, wt/vol), the organism was add...