Methyl indolenines (4a-c) and(5a-c) were prepared in high yield by a Fischer indole synthesis reaction of o,m-tolylhydrazine hydrochlorides (1a-b) with isopropyl methyl ketone (2) and 2-methylcyclohexanone (3) in acetic acid at room temperature. o,p- Nitrophenylhydrazines (1c-d) were reacted with 2-methylcyclohexanone (3) in acetic acid at reflux to give nitroindolenines (5d-e), while the attem...

Asymmetric epoxidation of various styrenes using carbocyclic oxazolidinone-containing ketone 3 has been investigated. High enantioselectivity (89-93% enantiomeric excess) has been attained for this challenging class of alkenes. Mechanistic studies show that substituents on the ketone catalyst can have electronic influences on secondary orbital interactions, which affects the competition between...

The changes in energy charge of the remnant liver and ketone-body ratio (acetoacetate/3hydroxybutyrate) of arterial blood were examined in hepatectomized rabbits in relation to the blood energy fuels and the standard liver function tests. It is suggested that (a) the decrease in energy charge is the basis of the decreased hepatic functional reserve, (b) the chang巴 inenergy charge is accurately ...

The addition of a Lewis acidic metal triflate salt Mg(OTf)(2) as co-catalyst in the CpRu-catalyzed decarboxylative allylation of in situ-generated ketone enolates allows the reaction to proceed at lower temperature with higher regio- and enantioselectivity. Even so-far-unreactive substrates react.

Bioconversion, i.e., the use of biological systems to perform chemical changes in synthetic or natural compounds in mild conditions, is an attractive tool for the production of novel active or high-value compounds. Plant cells exhibit a vast biochemical potential, being able to transform a range of substances, including pharmaceutical ingredients and industrial by-products, via enzymatic proces...

Purpose: To evaluate the in vivo alterations on ketone bodies metabolism after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion through an experimental model of brain ischemia induced by simple occlusion of common carotid arteries (CCAs) in Wistar rats. Methods: Forty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly distributed on two groups (S – Sham; T – Test) and further redistributed into four times sets of study. After ...

During starvation for 72 h, tumour-bearing rats showed accelerated ketonaemia and marked ketonuria. Total blood [ketone bodies] were 8.53 mM and 3.34 mM in tumour-bearing and control (non-tumour-bearing) rats respectively (P less than 0.001). The [3-hydroxybutyrate]/[acetoacetate] ratio was 1.3 in the tumour-bearing rats, compared with 3.2 in the controls at 72 h (P less than 0.001). Blood [glu...