background and aim: today, bilingualism is a developing phenomenon which half of the world population is bilingual. auditory system is the main route to language learning, so it is expected that bilingualism has an effect on functions of the auditory system. auditory memory is one of the auditory processes which is a cornerstone of linguistic skills and learning process growth, so that, it has ...

background and aim: there is a controversy about cochlear implant usefulness for users since they do not develop speech and language with equal quality. many researchers by controlling demographic and medical variables in this population suggested the contribution of neuro­cognitive factors such as working memory to this variation. the aim of this study was to com­pare working memory capacity b...

Solving traffic equilibrium problem, or “traffic assignment”, as the last step in Transportation Planning, distributes OD trip demands of a transportation network over the network links with regard to Traffic Equilibrium Law, and estimates the link flows. In formulations of traffic equilibrium which are based on path saving, the memory consumption is considerably affected by the number of effct...

Introduction: Most of our knowledge regarding the link between opioid dependence and poor cognitive functioning is derived from cross sectional studies.This longitudinal study measured the change in memory functioning following complete abstinence among individuals with heroin dependence. Methods: Using a before-after design,this study followed 30 adults ...

introduction: it is assumed that working memory plays a pivotal role in carrying out all sorts of cognitive functions. the introduction of working memory software has provided researchers with an asset to investigate the differences among individuals which can be attributable to differences in working memory capacity. following the advent of working memory software, there were also other pieces...

Objectives: Specificity impairment is a memory alteration that occurs in people with major depressive disorder (MDD). In this investigation, we intended to shine a light on obscure aspects of executive resource and capture and rumination frameworks to determine whether these theories are reliable in predicting underlying mechanisms for specificity impairment. Methods: In this correlational res...

conclusions the performance of working memory improved through training, and these trainings extended to other areas of cognition functions not receiving any training. trainings resulted in the improvement of performance in the tasks related to prefrontal area. they had also a positive and significant impact on the movement activities of hyperactive children. results training of working memory ...