We have reviewed the literature on transcranial magnetic stimulation studies in patients with brain death, coma, vegetative, minimally conscious, and locked-in states. Transcranial magnetic stimulation permits non-invasive study of brain excitability and may extend our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of these disorders. However, use of this technique in severe brain damage remains me...

Mapping sequence data with the available structures from Protein Data Bank (PDB), it is possible to generate hypothesis about role of Spike mutations in ACE2 binding. Methodologically, there are several approaches.

This paper reports "work in progress" on a project which I've titled, "The Spaces of Transnational Cultures". The aim of the project is to build on, but be methodologically different from, my earlier research on the architecture and urbanism of colonial and postcolonial cities in which the principal objective had been to demonstrate the inherently constitutive relationship between the political...

Early attempts to employ a genetic defence in the United States failed. Many of these cases concerned the XYY syndrome — a genetic abnormality in which men have a second Y chromosome. This syndrome was thought to be a likely target because the extra Y chromosome suggested that these men were more “male” and therefore more aggressive. However, “critiques of the methodologically questionable XYY ...

Zeigler and Weinberg (1970) presented a system theoretic discussion of biological modelling. In this paper some implications of this formulation for the wider problem of reductionism are examined. It is argued that the reduction of biology to physics, for example, involves a relation between co-ordinates typical of biological models and those typical of quantum-mechanical models. This relation ...

GENERAL COMMENTS This is an important review. It is only a pity that so few source studies were available. Methodologically the work keeps strictly to the Cochrane Collaboration guidelines and techniques, with the trustworthiness that follows. There are no obvious missed opportunities for supplementary analyses. My remarks will therefore mostly deal with minor details. References px/y are to Au...

Since we consider theory reenement (TR) as a possible key concept for a methodologically clear view of knowledge-base maintenance, we try to give a struc-tured overview about the actual state-of-the-art in TR. This overview is arranged along the description of TR as a search problem. We explain the basic approach, show the variety of existing systems and try to give some hints about the directi...

The present article investigates the construction of a ‘global’ teacher identity by Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) since introduction Teaching Learning International Survey (TALIS) in 2008. We critically examine TALIS-related conceptual frameworks, survey questionnaires statistically driven scales teachers’ professional attitudes internationally. A theoretical, edu...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine the evidence for an association between cesarean section and postpartum depression. METHODS Medline and PsychInfo databases were searched. All studies on cesarean section that evaluated maternal mood between 10 days and 1 year after delivery were reviewed. Nine methodologically superior studies, including the only randomized, controlled tri...

In this paper we take a longitudinal perspective to analyze gender differences in academic career attainment. We improve upon prior research both theoretically and methodologically. Theoretically, we introduce and conceptualize the influence of a heretofore-neglected factor in career attainment: the extent of research specialization. We conceive of the extent of research specialization as a for...