In situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and low-energy ion scattering were used to study the preparation, (thermo)chemical and catalytic properties of 1:1 PdGa intermetallic near-surface phases. Deposition of several multilayers of Ga metal and subsequent annealing to 503-523 K led to the formation of a multi-layered 1:1 PdGa near-surface state without desorption of excess Ga to the gas phase....

Pd/ZnO is a promising catalyst studied for methanol steam reforming (MSR) and the 1 : 1 PdZn alloy is demonstrated to be the active component. It is believed that MSR starts from methanol dehydrogenation to methoxy. Previous studies of methanol dehydrogenation on the ideal PdZn(111) surface show that methanol adsorbs weakly on the PdZn(111) surface and it is hard for methanol to transform into ...

Abstract. In PEM fuel cells pure hydrogen is used as a fuel. Due to its low density, the density of its stored energy is low, too. One of the possible solutions to the problem is production of hydrogen from the energy-reach material, e.g. methanol. Conversion of methanol to hydrogen is made with reformer in a steam reforming process in which besides methanol there is also water needed. On the o...

steam reforming is one of the most important processes for producing hydrogen from hydrocarbon fuels such as lpg and has attracted much attention due to its high efficiency and economy. in this study, the lpg steam reforming reaction was investigated on nickel catalysts supported on four various zeolites (h-y, na-y, hzsm5 and ferrierite). the catalytic tests were performed in a tubular fixed be...

The steam reforming of hydrocarbon fuels is a promising method for the production of hydrogen for portable electrical power sources. A suitable reactor for this application, however, must be compatible with temperatures above 800 degrees C to avoid coking of the catalytic structures during the reforming process. Here, ceramic microreactors comprising high surface area, tailored macroporous SiC ...

Due to the oxygen shortage at high altitudes, use of diesel engines in small aircraft is limited a low ceiling level. Here, we propose significantly extend level by introducing an in-cylinder steam reforming system. In this arrangement, fuel direct-injection assembly comprises two-stage process. first stage, blend methanol and water injected into hot previously compressed cylinder charge onto c...

BACKGROUND Bio-jet fuels compatible with current aviation infrastructure are needed as an alternative to petroleum-based jet fuel to lower greenhouse gas emissions and reduce dependence on fossil fuels. Cradle to grave life cycle analysis is used to investigate the global warming potential and fossil fuel use of converting poplar biomass to drop-in bio-jet fuel via a novel bioconversion platfor...

The CO2 reforming of coke oven gas for the production of synthesis gas has been studied over an activated carbon, an in-lab prepared Ni/Al2O3 catalyst and physical mixtures of both materials in different proportions (AC+Ni) at 800 oC. It was found that there are two possible coexisting reaction pathways: the direct dry reforming of methane (decomposition of methane followed by gasification of t...