Routine ultrasonography examination may miss fetal defecation and if seen it can be a source of misinterpretation which can lead to a wrong diagnose and management of pregnancy. We report two rare cases of fetal defecation in the second trimester and we describe 3D sonographic findings associated with this condition.

38. Rigotti NA, Bitton A, Kelley JK, Hoeppner BB, Levy DE, Mort E. Offering population-based tobacco treatment in a healthcare setting: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Prev Med. 2011; 41(5):498-503. 39. Fraser D, Christiansen BA, Adsit R, Baker TB, Fiore MC. Electronic health records as a tool for recruitment of participants’ clinical effectiveness research: lessons learned from tobacco ces...

Determining the capacity of Gaussian relay channels even with one relaying station has been an open problem for several decades. This paper presents a pair of upper and lower bounds whose gap is no more than 0.5 bit per channel use, for the capacity of Gaussian relay channels with one relaying station.

The rapid increase in the number of experimentally determined protein structures in recent years enables us to obtain more reliable protein tertiary structure models than ever by template-based modeling. However, refinement of template-based models beyond the limit available from the best templates is still needed for understanding protein function in atomic detail. In this work, we develop a n...

Thin heteroepitaxial overlayers have been proposed as templates to generate stable, self-organized nanostructures at large length scales, with a variety of important technological applications. However, modeling strain-driven self-organization is a formidable challenge due to different length scales involved. In this Letter, we present a method for predicting the patterning of ultrathin films o...

We proposed and demonstrated a new approach to pressed self-perfection by liquefaction (P-SPEL), where a layer of SiO2 is used as a stopper on one sidewall of gratings, to self-limit the final trench width in P-SPEL to a preset stopper layer thickness, allowing a precise control of the final trench width without the need to control any pressing parameters such as pressure, temperature and the g...

Holographic correlators can implement many correlations in parallel. For most systems shift invariance limits the number of correlation templates that can be stored in one correlator. This is because the output plane must be divided among the individual templates in the system. When the system is completely shift invariant, the correlation peak from one correlator can shift into an area that ha...

originated with Gaviola 1 who termed his lifetime instrument a “fluorometer". Clearly the starting point for any fluorescence observation is the light source. Fortunately, we no longer need to rely on sunlight as the principle excitation source for fluorescence. A comprehensive discussion of the development of light sources is beyond the scope of this chapter, but a good index of a wide range o...