In this article, a new class of the epoch-incremental reinforcement learning algorithm is proposed. In the incremental mode, the fundamental TD(0) or TD(λ) algorithm is performed and an environment model is created. In the epoch mode, on the basis of the environment model, the distances of past-active states to the terminal state are computed. These distances and the reinforcement terminal stat...

There is a trend that lower mass galaxies form stars at later epochs. This downsizing of star-forming galaxies has been attributed to hydrodynamical or radiative feedback processes that regulate star formation. However, here we explain the downsizing by gravitational processes alone, in the bottom-up scenario where galaxies evolve from subgalactic-scale objects. Within a region of the initial d...

With the advances in the field of GPS positioning and the global densification of permanent GPS tracking stations, it is now possible to determine at the highest level of accuracy the transformation parameters connecting various international terrestrial reference frame (ITRF) realizations. As a by-product of these refinements, not only the seven usual parameters of the similarity transformatio...

This paper examines load sharing in distributed systems. It proposes a special load-sharing method, referred to as epoch load sharing. With this policy, load is evenly distributed among distributed processors , with job migration only at the end of predefined intervals. The time interval between successive load sharing is called an epoch. The authors compare the performance of epoch job migrati...

This paper examines load sharing in a network of workstations (NOW). It proposes a special load sharing method referred to as epoch load sharing. With this policy, load is evenly distributed among workstations with job migration only at the end of predefined intervals. The time interval between successive load sharing is called an epoch. We compare the performance of epoch load sharing with oth...

We present a technique for using the recorded laser return pulse as a raw observation to detect centimeter-level vertical topographic change from large footprint airborne and spaceborne laser altimetry. We use the correlation of waveforms from coincident footprints as an indication of the similarity in structure of the waveforms from epoch to epoch, and assume that low correlation is an indicat...