The effective real exchange rate is one of the variables that can Misalignment from equilibrium values, Performance affects macroeconomic indicators and creates an unstable uncertain environment in economy. Therefore, order to investigate factors affecting OPEC member countries during period 1980-1980, first, framework least dynamic ordinary squares method (DOLS), for determining have been inve...

present paper is an attempt to estimate the impact of economic and geographic indicators in trade among islamic countries according to a bilateral trade model as gravity model, and study the relationship between economy, geography and trade in this way. fixed effect version of the panel data estimation producer with oic member country data spanning over the 2007–2012. the result of this researc...

this study examined how leaders create the impetus for creativity at work. 235 employees occupying a variety of jobs in alzahra university completed surveys to assess their perceptions of the quality of their relationship with their leader (lmx), their level of energy, and their creative work involvement. sem and regression analyses showed that lmx was positively related to employees' feel...

With power market deregulation, member companies cooperate to share one whole grid system and try to achieve their own economic goals. This paper focuses on how to improve the state estimation result of member companies or ISO by exchanging raw or estimated data with neighboring member companies/ISO. The concept of Bus Redundancy Descriptor (BRD) is developed based on critical measurement set. ...

We analyse the determinants of stock market integration among EU member states for the period 1999–2007. First, we apply bivariate DCC-MGARCH models to extract dynamic conditional correlations between European stock markets, which are then explained by interest rate spreads, exchange rate risk, market capitalisation, and business cycle synchronisation in a pooled OLS model. By grouping the coun...

Abstract T his paper explains bilateral trade patterns between South Korea and thirteen OPEC member countries over the period 1980-2014 using a gravity model. The estimation results show that the gravity equation fits the data reasonably well. We confirmed the existence of long term relationships between the bilateral trade flows and the main components of gravity model - ...

Since the inception of the Diffie-Hellman protocol in 1976, it has been an elusive open problem to construct a one-round group key exchange (GKE) protocol. In this paper, we investigate the open problem and answer it in a modular way. We first revisit the GKE definition and distinguish the conventional (symmetric) group key exchange from asymmetric group key exchange (ASGKE) protocols. In the l...