The earned value technique is a crucial and important technique in analysis and control the performance and progress of mega projects by integrating three elements of them, i.e., time, cost and scope. This paper proposes a new version of earned value analysis (EVA) to handle uncertainty in mega projects under interval-valued fuzzy (IVF)-environment. Considering that uncertainty is very common i...

Measurements in a highly polluted Asian mega city: observations of aerosol number size distribution, modal parameters and nucleation events P. Mönkkönen, I. K. Koponen, K. E. J. Lehtinen, K. Hämeri , R. Uma, and M. Kulmala University of Helsinki, Department of Physical Sciences, Finland Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), New De...

Purpose – Open-access mega-journals (OAMJs) represent an increasingly important part of the scholarly communication landscape. OAMJs, such as PLOS ONE, are large scale, broad scope journals that operate an open access business model (normally based on article-processing charges), and which employ a novel form of peer review, focussing on scientific “soundness” and eschewing judgement of novelty...

With the trend toward greater urbanization and the rapid emergence of mega-cities continuing unabated, many policy makers ask themselves whether some cities are becoming too large, and whether policies should be aimed at stimulating the growth of intermediate-sized cities. In this chapter we use a simple model of a system of cities, together with some basic urban and aggregate data, to answer s...

genotype×environment interactions (geis) can affect breeding programs because they often complicate the evaluation and selection of superior genotypes. this drawback can be reduced by gaining insights into gei processes and genotype adaptation. the objectives of this research were to evaluate: (1) the yield stability of promising wheat lines across locations and (2) the relationship among the t...