Lithography, the fundamental fabrication process of semiconductor devices, is playing a critical role nowadays in the fabrication of microand nano-structures especially for the realization of micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), microfluidic devices, photonic crystals, photonic integrated circuits, micro-optics, and plasmonic optoelectronic devices. These devices have various practical appl...

The fiber optics and optoelectronics industry has experienced a tremendous amount of innovation over the past four decades. Initially conceived for medical endoscopic applications, optical fibers were considered in the mid-1960s as an adequate technology for telecommunications applications. Since then, light wave communications systems have become the preferred and standard method to transmit v...

References 59.full.html#ref-list-1 http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/372/2010/201303 This article cites 27 articles, 2 of which can be accessed free Subject collections (44 articles) optics • (23 articles) medical physics • (12 articles) image processing • collections Articles on similar topics can be found in the following Email alerting service here in the box at the top right...

Biomedical optics is a rapidly emerging field for medical imaging and diagnostics. This paper reviews several biomedical optical technologies that have been developed and translated for either clinical or pre-clinical applications. Specifically, we focus on the following technologies: 1) near-infrared spectroscopy and tomography, 2) optical coherence tomography, 3) fluorescence spectroscopy and...

It’s hard to keep up with the recent explosion of imaging applications, from medical cameras small enough to swallow to municipal cameras for detecting speeders and red-light runners. How has the history of optics in general, and imaging in particular, informed where we are and where we will be next? This article explores the interplay between scientists’ understanding of the physical world thr...

this paper describes day-one beamlines of the iranian light source facility and design concept of powder diffraction and spectromicroscopy beamlines as the most priorities of each synchrotron that cover the research requirements in the fields of physics, chemistry, nano-science, etc. for powder diffraction beamline energy range is 6-30 kev, resolution: 10-4, flux: 1012(ph/s/0.1%b.w.) and spot s...