Introduction. The circulation of infectious diseases puts small infants too young to be vaccinated at risk of morbidity and mortality, often requiring prolonged hospitalization. Material and Methods. We have reviewed the medical records of children not eligible for vaccination because of age, admitted to hospital for pertussis, measles, or varicella from February 1, 2010, till February 1, 2012....

Measles remains endemic in many East African countries, where it is often associated with high morbidity and mortality. We collected clinical specimens from Sudanese measles patients between July 1997 and July 2000. Sequencing of the 3' 456 nucleotides of the nucleoprotein gene from 33 measles virus (MV) isolates and 8 RNA samples extracted from clinical specimens demonstrated the presence of a...

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological trends of measles in the Littoral, North-west, South-west and Western regions of Cameroon in order to improve measles control. Design and Methods: Cross-sectional study of retrolective data collected on cases of measles from January 1997 to April 2003 and stored in registers at regional levels. Child age, immunization and disease status, complicatio...

Measles is one of the most contagious viral diseases, and remains a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide. The measles virus (MV), a member of the family Paramyxoviridae, enters cells through a cellular receptor, the signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM), CD46 or nectin-4. Entry is mediated by two MV envelope glycoproteins, the hemagglutinin (H) and the fusion (F)...

Measles and mumps outbreaks in the United States have laimed numerous headlines over the past six months. The 397 easles cases in the U.S. from January 1 to June 6, 2014 have urpassed the highest annual totals since the 2000 declaration of easles elimination in the U.S. [1]. Mumps outbreaks have made heir marks across college campuses in Ohio and New York. What imilarities have there been in th...

Measles (rubella) is among the leading causes of child morbidity and mortality worldwide, although, routine measles immunization coverage has increased from 29% in 1994 to 59.7% in 2009. This coverage is still relatively very low; due to this low coverage rate and prevailing poor living conditions, measles outbreaks frequently occur in different parts of Nigeria, more especially in Bauchi state...

The aim of this article was to collect the results of systematic reviews and meta-analyses that evaluated the effect of vitamin A supplementation on child growth and maternal, fetal, and child morbidity and mortality. A detailed search was performed in PubMed, Cochrane Library, LILACS, PAHO, CAPES, USP Digital Thesis Library, and UNIFESP Collection Database. A total of 14 studies published from...

Vitamin A supplementation to preschool children is known to decrease the risks of mortality and morbidity from some forms of diarrhea, measles, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and malaria. These effects are likely to be the result of the actions of vitamin A on immunity. Some of the immunomodulatory mechanisms of vitamin A have been described in clinical trials and can be correlat...

The incidence of measles virus (MV) infection has been significantly reduced in many nations through extensive vaccination; however, the virus still causes significant morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Measles outbreaks also occur in some developed countries that have failed to maintain high vaccine coverage rates. While vaccination is essential in preventing the spread of measle...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the case-based measles surveillance system in Kaduna State of Nigeria and identify gaps in its operation. INTRODUCTION In Africa, approximately 13 million cases, 650,000 deaths due to measles occur annually, with sub-Saharan Africa having the highest morbidity and mortality. Measles infection is endemic in Nigeria and has been documented to occur all year round, despite ...