abstract: mineral scaling in oil and gas production equipment is one of the most important problem that occurs while water injection and it has been recognized to be a major operational problem. the incompatibility between injected and formation waters may result in inorganic scale precipitation in the equipment and reservoir and then reduction of oil production rate and water injection rate. ...

many mobile and off-grid devices include electronics and other electrical consumers like servo drives, which need a quite low supply power. since the price for photovoltaic modules drops continuously, photovoltaic power supply is interesting in more and more applications. in solar powered systems, a battery is needed to store energy for the night and cloudy periods. the power electronics of suc...

In this study, to analyze the pattern of soil temperature changes in the depths of  5, 10, 20, 30, 50 and 100 cm under the influence of temperature (minimum, average and maximum) and humidity (minimum, average and maximum) the Pearson and regression methods were used for Taleghaan synoptic station during the period of 2008 to 2016 . The results showed that soil temperature had the highest corre...

In order to reduce wear in gudgeon pin, bush and piston boss lubrication is done. Oil used in national engine species was 10W40 with dynamic viscosity 5.5 mPa.s at 140 °C (the working temperature). In order to complete investigation the oil film hydrodynamics analysis in small end of connecting rod, a real full model engine with four cylinders has been simulated by AVL EXCITE5.1 software. In...