The fusion of synaptic vesicles with the plasma membrane (exocytosis) is a required step in neurotransmitter release and neuronal communication. The vesicles are then retrieved from the plasma membrane (endocytosis) and grouped together with the general pool of vesicles within the nerve terminal, until they undergo a new exo- and endocytosis cycle (vesicle recycling). These processes have been ...

A mechanistic understanding of population dynamics requires close examination of species’ differences in how physiological traits interact with environmental variation and translate into demographic variation. We focused on two co-occurring winter annual species (Pectocarya recurvata and Plantago insularis) that differ in photosynthetic resource-use efficiency and demographic responses to envir...

The upper thermal tolerance (CT(max)) of beachfleas Orchestia gammarellus (Pallas) collected from a number of different locations in Iceland was determined. Differences were recorded between field populations associated with thermal springs and those from non-thermal sites. A number of reciprocal acclimation experiments (where animals from thermal and non-thermal sites were acclimated to the me...

This study evaluates, for the first time, the influence of biofilms on single and double optical window (SOW and DOW, respectively) fast repetition rate fluorometer (FRRF) measurements of microalgal photosystem-II initial fluorescence (F0), maximum fluorescence (Fm), variable fluorescence (Fv = Fm - F0), quantum yield (Fv/Fm) and functional absorption cross section (σPSII)]. Biofilms with chlor...

Cyclodextrins, a class of cyclic oligomeric compounds consisting of 6–8 units of D-glucose, alter the oxygen evolution of photosystem II (PSII) in barley thylakoids as well as chlorophyll a fluorescence induction, i.e., Fv/Fo and Fv/Fm where Fm is the maximal level of fluorescence when all PSII centres are closed, Fo is the minimal level of chlorophyll fluorescence when all PSII centres are ope...

The aim of our study was to identify appropriate multiparametric fluorescence ratios to evaluate the response of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) genotypes to salinity. In this context, we hypothesized that the fluorescence indices BFRR_UV, FLAV, NBI and SFR provided by the multiparametric fluorescence technique reveal the impact of salinity on tomato leaves. For this purpose, the tomato genotypes...

heat stress is well recognized among the hazardous physical agents that might be present during work. this study aims to compare wbgt index at acclimated and unacclimated people to permissible threshold limit value and study the differences between physiological parameters at them. twenty one healthy men were participated in the study. all of the subjects were monitored in two different weather...