Although visual-spatial representations are used extensively in mathematics and spatial ability is highly correlated with success in mathematics education, research to date has not demonstrated a clear relationship between use of visual-spatial representations and success in mathematical problem solving. The authors distinguished 2 types of visual-spatial representations: schematic representati...

The relationship between handedness and mathematical abilities is controversial. Whilst some researchers have claimed that left-handers are gifted in mathematics and strong right-handers perform the worst in mathematical tasks, it has been more recently proposed that mixed-handers are actually the most disadvantaged group. To disentangle these discrepancies, we conducted five experiments in sev...

The physiological significance of inspiratory flow limitation (IFL) has recently been recognized, but methods of detecting IFL can be subjective. We sought to develop a mathematical model of the upper airway pressure-flow relationship that would objectively detect flow limitation. We present a theoretical discussion that predicts that a polynomial function [F(P) = AP(3) + BP(2) + CP + D, where ...

BACKGROUND Performing mental subtractions affects time (duration) estimates, and making time estimates disrupts mental subtractions. This interaction has been attributed to the concurrent involvement of time estimation and arithmetic with general intelligence and working memory. Given the extant evidence of a relationship between time and number, here we test the stronger hypothesis that time e...

Current theories from biosocial (e.g., the role of neurotransmitters in behavioral features), ecological (e.g., cultural, political, and institutional conditions), and interpersonal (e.g., attachment) perspectives have grounded interpersonal and romantic relationships in nor-mative social experiences. However, these theories have not been developed to the point of providing a solid theoretical ...

According to the earlier researches there is no evidence that the information systems (IS) have any tangible benefits. But, it is very clear that IS can identify less costly sources of inputs for firms by making it cheaper and easier to evaluate prospective supplier offers. According to this, adopting IS should denote a value of information. We now develop a model which relates this potential v...

Interdealer trading in the European sovereign bond market is characterized by low spreads and high liquidity. This paper examines whether the dealer-customer segment of the market also benefits from low spreads. Customers are smaller banks and buy-side financial institutions who request quotes from primary dealers. They generally do not enjoy access to the interdealer trading platform. Surprisi...

This paper focuses on the database modeling of spatiotemporal phenomena. Their components and behavior are analyzed and a formal framework with a small set of concepts−namely objects, attributes, relationships, fields, and constraints, with spatial and temporal dimension−for their definition is provided. A mathematical model for the expression of spatiotemporal constraints, based on the aforeme...

Compositional embedding models build a representation for a linguistic structure based on its component word embeddings. While recent work has combined these word embeddings with hand crafted features for improved performance, it was restricted to a small number of features due to model complexity, thus limiting its applicability. We propose a new model that conjoins features and word embedding...

Two different approaches are proposed to enhance the efficiency of the numerical resolution of optimal control problems governed by a linear advection– diffusion equation. In the framework of the Galerkin–Finite Element (FE) method, we adopt a novel a posteriori error estimate of the discretization error on the cost functional; this estimate is used in the course of a numerical adaptive strateg...