Mathematical models of epidemics have a long history of contributing to the understanding of the impact of vaccination programmes. Simple, one-line models can predict target vaccination coverage that will eradicate an infectious agent, whilst other questions require complex simulations of stochastic processes in space and time. This review introduces some simple ordinary differential equation m...

We study simple mathematical models of gene expression to explore the possible origins of haploinsufficiency (HI). In a diploid organism, each gene exists in two copies and when one of these is mutated, the amount of proteins synthesized is reduced and may fall below a threshold level for the onset of some desired activity. This can give rise to HI, a manifestation of which is in the form of a ...

Rabies virus and its associated host-pathogen population dynamics have proven a remarkable model system for developing mathematical models of infectious disease emergence and spread. Beginning with simple susceptible-infectious-removed (SIR) compartment models of fox rabies emergence and spread across Western Europe, mathematical models have now been developed to incorporate dynamics across het...

In most of the modules at this website1 we are exploring simulated outbreaks of diseases. These explorations rely on agent-based models of disease transmission that are embodied in the computer program IONTW. Simulations can lead to meaningful conjectures about the answers to Question 1. But their outcomes are subject to random fluctuations that may distort the predictions. If one runs large ba...

The chapter provides a concise discussion of the role of mathematics in economic theory. After a brief overview of the main applications of the mathematical methods to economic problems, the chapter focuses on general equilibrium theory in its atemporal and intertemporal versions and discusses the concepts of equilibrium and dynamics in natural sciences and economics. In this context, business ...

A major drawback to most mathematical models in neuroscience is that they are either far away from reality or the results depend on the speciic model. A promising alternative approach takes advantage of the fact that many complicated systems behave similarly when they operate near critical regimes, such as bifur-cations. Using non-linear dynamical system theory it is possible to prove that all ...

General concepts concerning models, their logical and analogical status, are briefly outlined. The use of compartmental models to simulate the kinetics of compounds in the environment is illustrated by a discussion of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and oceans and its uptake by plants. The application of compartmental models to the kinetics of organochlorine compounds in vertebrates and in eco...

Mathematical modeling plays an important role whenever flow investigations are performed. In this paper special emphasis was given to models which are used in turbulent flow simulations and the effect of numerical discretization. The numerical scheme is of great importance when direct numerical simulations, i.e. the solution of the Navier-Stokes equations without any additional turbulence model...

This paper outlines molecular dynamics simulations and their limitations when modeling large-scale shape dynamics of cellular membranes. We explore concepts from differential geometry and cellular-mechanics to describe cellular membranes in terms of Helfrich’s equation of generalized shape energy, which provides the theoretical framework for understanding shape changes in liposome vesicles. We ...

introduction: one of the types of hospital management information systems is decision support information system (dsis). this system uses decision-making models and databases for preparing specific information to support their semi-structured or unstructured decisions. the present study aimed to design a decision dsis model for board of trustees of ayatollah kashani hospital, shahrekord, iran. ...