BACKGROUND Family planning is an integral component of maternal and child health services in Ghana. Although knowledge on contraception is universal and most women attend maternal and child health services, contraceptive use remains low among women after delivery. This study aimed to determine factors influencing current use and future contraceptive intentions of women who were attending child ...

Child and mother outcomes are reported for the Abecedarian Project, an early childhood education, pediatric healthcare, and family support program for high-risk children and their mothers. Three randomized intervention conditions for at-risk participants were compared to a control condition. Randomized control group participants received family support social services, low-cost or free pediatri...

A new model was developed to provide Australian pig breeders with an ability to estimate economic values and economic weights of key traits in a way that was more flexible and relevant to pig producers. Economic weights were converted using a genetic standard deviation scalar so that the relative contributions of each trait to the overall maternal breeding objective could be made. Number of pig...

This meta-analysis of 69 studies (1,483 effect sizes) used random effects models to examine maternal employment during infancy/early childhood in relation to 2 major domains of child functioning: achievement and behavior problems. Analyses of studies that spanned 5 decades indicated that, with a few exceptions, early employment was not significantly associated with later achievement or internal...

C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) has a crucial role in postnatal endochondral bone growth and is rapidly responsive to changes in nutrition. Although CNP is expressed in the placenta, little is known about the regulation and role of CNP in fetal-maternal health. We hypothesized that CNP may be similarly responsive to undernutrition in the growing fetus, in which maternal nutrition is crucial to...

PURPOSE A high proportion of adolescents living in low-income households in the United States are overweight or obese, food insecure, or exposed to high levels of individual, maternal, and family stressors. The aim of this paper was to identify the associations of food insecurity and the aforementioned stressors with an adolescent's propensity to be overweight or obese. We hypothesized that ind...

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Many farm, laboratory, zoo and companion animals experience some form of maternal deprivation. This is typically via separation from their mothers earlier than would happen in free-living populations, in some cases even while young are still dependent upon milk. Maternal deprivation may also occur in a qualitative way, via inadequate maternal care, perhaps caused by inexperience or by restricti...

We examine how changes in maternal work hours affect adolescent children's school participation and performance outcomes using data from interviews in 1998 and 2001 with approximately 1700 women who, in May 1995, were welfare-reliant, single mothers of adolescents living in neighborhoods of concentrated poverty in Cuyahoga (Cleveland), Los Angeles, Miami-Dade, and Philadelphia counties. Analyse...