A gray market is an unauthorized distribution channel of genuine branded products. Worldwide gray markets compete with authorized distribution channels of branded products and pose significant challenges to brand owners on the management of global supply chains. Therefore, it is important for brand owners to understand sellers’ and buyers’ behavior in gray markets in order to better address thi...

Following a period in the 1990s of rapid integration into the production and trade networks of the European Union (and to a lesser extent of the United States), clothing manufacturers in East and Central Europe have had to quickly adjust to the changing costs of production with EU accession, the rise of Chinese exports, and the January 1, 2005 final phase-out of quantitative quotas into major m...

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY At the brink of the new millennium, in global economy and commerce, there has been a dramatic increase in the role of information technology in markets, both in traditional markets and especially in the emergence of the electronic marketplaces. In recent years, the Internet has grown exponentially and is clearly transforming global markets. This chapter analyzes the fundamenta...

the objective of this paper is econometric analysis of iranian agricultural products markets (case study ofpotatoes) by using equilibrium and disequilibrium techniques. sections i and ii proceeds by classification of disequilibrium econometric literature and supply and demand analysis for agriculural products, respectively. in the other parts ofpaper potato market lif iran was hypothesized and ...

In this editorial accompanying the special section on Marketing Science in Emerging Markets (MSEM), we describe how research on emerging markets can contribute to richer theoretical and substantive understanding of markets and marketing. Such research can also aid in providing managerial guidance on how to operate in emerging markets. We conclude with a description of the selection and review p...

Platform planning is a strategy that can be effectively used to manage today’s rapidly changing environment. It is the process by which core elements are identified and used as a foundation for future growth. Although platform planning is most often associated with product design, its value is now being acknowledged along other dimensions of marketing strategy such as brands, target markets, ge...

Rural Markets are defined as those segments of overall market of any economy, which are distinct from the other types of markets like stock market, commodity markets or Labor economics. Rural Markets constitute an important segment of overall economy. In recent years, rural markets have acquired significance in countries like China and India, as the overall growth of the economy has resulted in...

abstract marketing element’s contrastive behaviors toward price risk had considerable effect on marketing margin in a way that transferring increase in price to final consumer, reduces purchasing power and so consumption amounts of consumers. present study evaluated effective parameters on marketing margin in 2 level of ranch-processing and processing- retail of beef and lamb with consideration...

Direct marketing via farmers' markets, roadside stands, community supported agriculture (CSA) programs, and other outlets, is integral to the prosperity of many small fruit and vegetable farms. 1 Through direct marketing, producers are able to establish a closer relationship with consumers , avoid expenses associated with using a broker or wholesaler, and increase their profits (USDA-AMS, 2002a...