Because of its generally low density of humans and few settlements, the circumpolar boreal forest is often viewed as an untouched wilderness. However, archeological evidence indicates that humans have inhabited the region since the continental glaciers disappeared 8,000-12,000 years ago. This paper discusses the ecological impacts that humans have had on the boreal forest ecosystem through thei...

In the second chapter are introduced the cultural issues of the book, in order to understand what are the reasons of the centrality of the landscape in the Italian context. A completed analysis of the literature on the evolution of this theme is structured to bring out the relationship between landscape and urban planning and thus marking what we can consider as “critical issues” and the emergi...

In the second chapter are introduced the cultural issues of the book, in order to understand what are the reasons of the centrality of the landscape in the Italian context. A completed analysis of the literature on the evolution of this theme is structured to bring out the relationship between landscape and urban planning and thus marking what we can consider as “critical issues” and the emergi...

Traditional rural landscapes emerged from the long term interaction of the natural and anthropogenic environment. These landscapes are now threatened by drastic social-ecological changes. Recent international trends on sustaining cultural landscapes place great emphasis on understanding of multiple values, presented in the landscape, by considering various stakeholder perspectives. It is now re...

Mountain regions meet an increasing demand for pleasant landscapes, offering many cultural ecosystem services to both their residents and tourists. As a result of global change, land managers and policy makers are faced with changes to this landscape and need efficient evaluation techniques to assess cultural ecosystem services. This study provides a spatially explicit modelling approach to est...