The perception and production of the mid-front Finnish vowels /i/, /e/, /y/, and /ø/ were investigated in fourteen Finnish-speaking subjects. In the perception experiment, synthesized long vowels were used as stimuli in order to identify category prototypes. For production, the subjects were asked to pronounce words including these vowels as short and long variants. This study introduces a new ...

In the definition of a crossed module $(T,G,rho)$, the actions of the group $T$ and $G$ on themselves are given by conjugation. In this paper, we consider these actions to be arbitrary and thus generalize the concept of ordinary crossed module. Therefore, we get the category ${bf GCM}$, of all generalized crossed modules and generalized crossed module morphisms between them, and investigate som...