1. It has been shown that Penicillium charlesii continues to synthesize galactocarolose when l-malic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid or oxaloglycollic acid is substituted for dl-tartaric acid in the Raulin-Thom nutrient medium. 2. The quantity of galactocarolose synthesized per g. of mycelia was markedly decreased by substitution of l-malic acid, malonic acid, succi...

BACKGROUND The fast growing photosynthetic microalgae have been widely used in aquaculture, food, health, and biofuels. Recent findings in the diatom has proposed a pivotal role of NADP-malic enzyme in generation of NADPH as an important supply of reducing power for fatty acid biosynthesis. To test the lipogenic malic enzyme for fatty acid synthesis in green algae, here the malic enzyme gene Pt...

Ripening reactions in pears (Pyrus communis L.) were differentially affected by an aminoethoxy analog of rhizobitoxine (l-2-amino-4-[2-aminoethoxy]-trans-3-butenoic acid) (AAR). Ethylene production of both ;Anjou' and ;Bartlett' pears was inhibited by AAR. Decrease in firmness, increase in protein N and soluble pectin were delayed by AAR in ;Anjou' but not in ;Bartlett' pears. While loss in mal...

Whey protein isolate and glycerol were mixed to form a matrix to incorporate antimicrobial agents and produce edible films with antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from cheeses. Various organic acids were used to decrease pH down to approximately 3. In a preliminary assay without nisin, the effect of each organic acid was evaluated with respect to the rheologi...

OBJECTIVE To characterize the metabolic products of urine associated with preterm birth, thus providing clinical guidelines for intestinal and parenteral nutrition in preterm infants. METHODS Urine samples of 47 preterm infants and 45 full-term infants were collected and prepared for trimethylsilylation by treatment with urease. The levels of lysine, phenylalanine, histidine, ornithine, fumar...

Oxalic acid has long been regarded as an end-product of oxidative metabolic reactions in leaves. It is widely distributed in plants although the relative quantity present is not commonly great; nevertheless, in certain genera characterized by highly acid saps, such as Oxalis, Rumex, Begonia, and Rheum, oxalic acid may be the organic acid component present in greatest proportion. In tobacco, a s...

Reaction 1 requires DPN and manganous ions. It is specific for Imalic acid; d-malic acid is inactive. TPN cannot replace DPN. Reaction 2 requires the presence of manganous ions. The evidence presented below supports the view that Reaction 1 is a DPN-linked dismutation between Z-malate and pyruvate, resulting from the interaction of lactic dehydrogenase with a DPN-specific “malic” enzyme as show...

The de novo synthesis of long-chain fatty acids, a process that occurs primarily in liver in many species, is high in animals fed on diets with a high content of carbohydrate, and low in starved animals. The activities of the ‘lipogenic’ set of hepatic enzymes follow the same pattern. Two members of this lipogenic set are cytosolic malic enzyme (EC 1.1.1.40), which furnishes most of the NADPH f...

The antibacterial effect of cranberry juice and the organic acids therein on infection by uropathogenic Escherichia coli was studied in an experimental mouse model of urinary tract infection (UTI). Reduced bacterial counts were found in the bladder (P < 0.01) of mice drinking fresh cranberry juice. Commercially available cranberry juice cocktail also significantly reduced (P < 0.01) bacterial p...