-A new technique for the implementation of a single hardware structure capable of computing any rank order filter is presented in this paper. The proposed technique, which is based on the majority gate, achieves faster extraction of setting flag signals and, therefore, shorter processing times are attained. A pipelined systolic array, suitable for performing rank order filtering, is also presen...

In this paper, a novel efficient method for optimizing multi-output majority gate based designs is proposed. Majority gate is a fundamental Boolean operator in some nano-scale technologies such as quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA). As a result, the design optimization must be directly implemented on majority gates instead of optimizing the design for AND–OR gates. In some other nanotechnologi...

A voter sits on each vertex of an infinite tree of degree k, and has to decide between two alternative opinions. At each time step, each voter switches to the opinion of the majority of her neighbors. We analyze this majority process when opinions are initialized to independent and identically distributed random variables. In particular, we bound the threshold value of the initial bias such tha...

Proposals for a secure voting technology can involve new mechanisms or procedures designed to provide greater ballot secrecy or verifiability. These mechanisms may be justified on the technical level, but researchers and voting officials must also consider how voters will understand these technical details, and how understanding may affect interaction with the voting systems. In the context of ...

Conventional models of single district plurality elections show that with three parties anything can happen extreme policies can win regardless of voter preferences. I show that when there are multiple district elections for a legislature we get back to a world where the median voter matters: an extreme policy will generally only come about if it is preferred by the median voter in a majority o...

I argue that if citizens systematically underestimate what their government can and should do for them, then they will hold politicians to a lower standard and sanction poor performers less often. A large-scale experiment across 95 localities in Mali in which some voters received information about potential government performance identifies effects of raising voter expectations. Survey experime...

This paper examines a few of the numerous factors that may have led to increased youth turnout in the 2008 Election. First, theories of voter behavior and turnout are related to courting the youth vote. Several variables that are perceived to affect youth turnout such as party polarization, perceived candidate difference, voter registration, effective campaigning and mobilization, and use of th...

Voting on the outputs of redundant modules with real number results (i.e., where correctly functioning redundant systems may arrive at slightly different yet correct outputs for identical inputs) is not straightforward. Such cases need inexact voting in which some discrepancies between the outputs of redundant modules are allowed. Documented inexact voters use a fixed threshold value that may c...

In this paper, we consider lightweight decentralised algorithms for achieving consensus in distributed systems. Each member of a distributed group has a private value from a fixed set consisting of, say, two elements, and the goal is for all members to reach consensus on the majority value. We explore variants of the voter model applied to this problem. In the voter model, each node polls a ran...

Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are susceptible to radiation-induced Single Event Upsets (SEUs). A common technique for dealing with SEUs is Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR) combined with Module-based configuration memory Error Recovery (MER). By triplicating components and voting on their outputs, TMR helps localize the configuration memory errors, and by reconfiguring the faulty compone...