We give an update on the worldwide spoligotype database, which now contains 3,319 spoligotype patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in 47 countries, with 259 shared types, i.e., identical spoligotypes shared by two or more patient isolates. The 259 shared types contained a total of 2,779 (84%) of all the isolates. Seven major genetic groups represented 37% of all clustered isolates. Two types ...

OBJECTIVE To determine a reference range of renal artery measurements by using Multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT) angiography and to find association of renal artery measurements with side of artery, gender and age. METHOD Two hundred and fifty study participants without renal artery disease who werepresented to Radiology Department, Ziauddin Hospital, Karachi, from November, 2016 to Ap...

The size of LDL is usually reported as particle diameter, with the implicit assumption that it is a spherical particle. On the other hand, data obtained by cryoelectron microscopy and crystallographic analysis suggest that LDL shape may be discoid. We have investigated LDL particle geometry by combining data on LDL lipid composition with size measurement. The mean LDL diameter of 160 samples wa...

In this paper, we study the impact of the introduction of edge weights on the typical distances in a random graph and, in particular, on its diameter. Our main result consists of a precise asymptotic expression for the (edge) diameter of sparse random graphs on n vertices (under some standard regularity conditions) when the edge weights are i.i.d. exponential random variables of rate one.

In-stent restenosis and stent thrombosis remain clinically significant problems for bifurcation lesions. The objective of this study is to determine the haemodynamic effect of the side branch (SB) on main branch (MB) stenting. We hypothesize that the presence of a SB has a negative effect on MB wall shear stress (WSS), wall shear stress gradient (WSSG) and oscillatory shear index (OSI); and tha...

BACKGROUND Early diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension (PH) can potentially improve survival and quality of life. Detecting PH using echocardiography is often insensitive in subjects with lung fibrosis or hyperinflation. Right heart catheterization (RHC) for the diagnosis of PH adds risk and expense due to its invasive nature. Pre-defined measurements utilizing computed tomography (CT) of the che...