BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Enhancing collateral artery growth is a potent therapeutic approach to treat cardiovascular ischemic disease from occlusive artery. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has gained attention for its ability to promote arteriogenesis, ameliorating brain damage, by the mechanisms involving monocyte upregulation. However, the recent clinical study testing...

Human granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (hGM-CSF) has many therapeutic applications.In this study, in order to verify the purification process, the effect of carbon source, IPTG concentration andpost-induction time on the secretion of recombinant hGM-CSF into the culture medium by recombinantEscherichia coli during high cell density cultivation were evaluated by...

Myeloid cell lines and primary leukemic myeloblasts express two classes of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) binding sites of high (Kd 20-50 pM) and low affinity (Kd 5-10 nM). High affinity binding is caused by the association of two chains, p80 alpha and p130 beta, whereas p80 alpha alone confers low affinity binding only. Furthermore interleukin-3 (IL-3) competes for t...

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a protein produced by activated macrophages in response to endotoxin. The effect of recombinant murine TNF (rMuTNF) on the growth of murine tissue-derived macrophage colony-forming units (CFU-M) which are responsive to both macrophage and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factors (M-CSF and GM-CSF), was studied. TNF alone did not stimulate macrophage proli...

A functional subpopulation of murine B lymphocytes proliferate in semisolid agar culture in the presence of 2-mercaptoethanol to form colonies. The effects of diffusible macrophage-derived factors on this focal proliferation was investigated using a two-layer culture system which prevented macrophage-lymphocyte contact and permitted B-cell activation to be critically assessed under conditions o...

The cDNA for the murine granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was cloned from a cDNA library obtained from a murine T cell line, IH5.5, by using two synthetic probes that encoded two parts of the GM-CSF from murine lung. The cDNA inserted into the plasmid vector pcDV1 was transfected into monkey COS-1 cells and the conditioned medium was used to investigate the hemopoietic a...