The obliquebanded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris), is one of the major arthropod pests of apple in the United States. In 1999 and 2000, a survey of the obliquebanded leafroller parasitoid complex in commercially managed apple orchards in Michigan's two largest fruit production regions was conducted to determine the species present and their importance to obliquebanded leafroller po...

Calcium ions are known to play an important role in epileptogenesis. Although there is clear evidence for increased neuronal calcium influx during epileptiform potentials, direct measurements of the corresponding intracellular calcium transients are rare and the origin of calcium influx is not known. Therefore the spatial and temporal distribution of intracellular calcium transients during epil...

2 Summary Hippocampal glutamatergic pyramidal cells receive input from several types of GABA (gamma-amino-butyric acid)-releasing interneurons (IN-s) and innervate them reciprocally. Our goal was to characterise the receptor content that plays a role in the synaptic interactions of these neurons. Pyramidal cells expressing different GABA A receptors receive input on their axon initial segment f...

1. The properties of a well-defined type of GABAergic local circuit neuron, the axo-axonic cell (n = 17), were investigated in rat hippocampal slice preparations. During intracellular recording we injected axo-axonic cells with biocytin and subsequently identified them with correlated light and electron microscopy. Employing an immunogold-silver intensification technique we showed that one of t...

Background: The study determined the histological layers of cerebral cortex and hippocampus albino rat brain samples has been used in study. Cerebral is composed Molecular layer, external granular, pyramidal internal granular layer interior layer. are alveus, stratum oriens, pyramidale, radiatum, lacunosum moleculare. aim to analyze detailed features rats at magnification 10X,100X,40X. By using...

1. Voltage-sensitive membrane-bound dyes and a matrix of 100 photodetectors were used to detect the spread of evoked electrical activity at the CA1 region of rat hippocampus slices. A display processor was designed in order to visualize the spread of electrical activity in slow motion.2. The stimulation of the Schaffer collateral-commissural path in the stratum radiatum evoked short latency (2-...

Although biophysical details of inhibitory neurons are becoming known, it is challenging to map these details onto function. Oriens-lacunosum/moleculare (O-LM) cells are inhibitory cells in the hippocampus that gate information flow, firing while phase-locked to theta rhythms. We build on our existing computational model database of O-LM cells to link model with function. We place our models in...