AIM Platelets which are known to play a role in inflamation change their shapes when they are activated and this change is reflected in mean platelet volume and platelet distribution width values. Therefore, the mean platelet volume and platelet distribution width values are considered to be beneficial parameters for the diagnosis and treatment of many inflammatory diseases. The aim of the stud...

Acute viral bronchiolitis represents the most common lower respiratory tract infection in infants and young children and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Respiratory syncytial virus is the most frequently identified virus, but many other viruses may also cause acute bronchiolitis. There is no common definition of acute viral bronchiolitis used internationally, and this ma...

IMPORTANCE Pediatric observation units (OUs) offer the opportunity to safely and efficiently care for common illnesses previously cared for in an inpatient setting. Home oxygen therapy (HOT) has been used to facilitate hospital discharge in patients with hypoxic bronchiolitis. It is unknown how implementation of a hospitalwide bronchiolitis treatment protocol promoting OU-HOT would affect hospi...

Disease severity in viral bronchiolitis in infancy is difficult to predict and has been linked to host innate immunity. The study aimed to investigate the innate cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15) as a marker of disease severity.A prospective single-centre observational study was conducted in a university-affiliated paediatric teaching hospital, comparing children (0-18 months) hospitalised for vi...

AIM To analyze the frequency of pleural effusion and the effect on prognosis in children with acute bronchiolitis. METHODS A total of 69 infants aged 1-24 months with acute bronchiolitis were studied between September 2009 and December 2010. All patients'age, sex, breastfeeding duration, exposure to smoking, history of using vitamin D, symptoms duration, physical examination and laboratory fi...

Background and Objective: Bronchiolitis is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in children. High-flow nasal cannulas (HFNCs) are an alternative for managing moderate to severe cases. Our aim was to describe the outcomes in critically ill children with bronchiolitis who receive HFNC support. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of critically ill children wh...

Objective: Bronchiolitis is a clinical syndrome with a seasonal distribution that varies by location. Data regarding its temporal distribution in Israel are limited, and there are no available data specifically for the Jerusalem area. The aim of this study was to investigate the temporal distribution of cases of bronchiolitis that were clinically diagnosed in a system of urgent-care centers bas...

Bronchiolar abnormalities are relatively common and occur in a variety of clinical settings. Various histopathologic patterns of bronchiolar injury have been described and have led to confusing nomenclature with redundant and overlapping terms. Some histopathologic patterns of bronchiolar disease may be relatively unique to a specific clinical context but others are nonspecific with respect to ...

Background: In young children, bronchiolitis is the most common illness resulting in hospitalization. For children less than age two, bronchiolitis incurs an annual total inpatient cost of $1.73 billion. Each year in the U.S., 287,000 emergency department (ED) visits occur because of bronchiolitis, with a hospital admission rate of 32-40%. Due to a lack of evidence and objective criteria for ma...

OBJECTIVE To examine the timing and duration of RSV bronchiolitis hospital admission among term and preterm infants in England and to identify risk factors for bronchiolitis admission. DESIGN A population-based birth cohort with follow-up to age 1 year, using the Hospital Episode Statistics database. SETTING 71 hospitals across England. PARTICIPANTS We identified 296618 individual birth r...