Valsartan is an antihypertensive drug with poor oral bioavailability ranging from 10-35% because of poor solubility, dissolution and most importantly, extensive first pass hepatic metabolism. The present study deals with the development and characterization of Valsartan-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (VSLNs) to enhance the solubility, bypass the first pass hepatic metabolism, and enhance the ...

A novel environmentally friendly rapid cloud point extraction at room temperature coupled to graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (RT-CPE-GFAAS) for Copper (II) traces quantification was developed. Were found the most optimal conditions instant surfactant rich phase of Triton X-100 formation and as a complex with 6,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4-methylbenzopyrylium perchlorate (DHMPhB) immed...

The human surfactant protein-A2 (hSP-A2) gene is developmentally regulated, expressed in type II pneumonocytes, and induced by cAMP. cAMP induction of hSP-A2 expression is O2 dependent and mediated by increased phosphorylation, DNA binding, and transcriptional activation of thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1). The TTF-1-binding element (TBE) at -175 bp contains a reverse-oriented nuclear fac...

Our aim was to evaluate the quality of pulmonary surfactant, a nonspecific defence system, during the course of human immunodeficiency virus) infection. Protein and phospholipid composition were determined in 127 bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids from 89 HIV seropositive patients (54 acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), 35 non-AIDS) and 11 healthy controls. In all of the HIV BAL sample...

The pluripotent mammalian epiblast undergoes unusually fast cell proliferation. This rapid growth is expected to generate a high transcriptional demand, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. We show here that the chromatin remodeler Chd1 is required for transcriptional output and development of the mouse epiblast. Chd1 embryos exhibit proliferation defects and increased apoptosis, are s...

Accurate prediction of in vivo hepatic drug clearance using in vitro assays is important to properly estimate clinical dosing regimens. Clearance of low-turnover compounds is especially difficult to predict using short-lived suspensions of unpooled primary human hepatocytes (PHHs) and functionally declining PHH monolayers. Micropatterned cocultures (MPCCs) of PHHs and 3T3-J2 fibroblasts have be...

In Europe, for authorisation of a health claim, applicants must follow the procedures in the legislation and in the guidelines for submission of a dossier set out by the European Food Safety Authority. The Functional Foods in Europe (FUFOSE) and Process for the Assessment of Scientific Support for Claims on Foods (PASSCLAIM) projects underpinned the laws and provided criteria against which the ...

prescriptions about the timing of first sex, vary to a great extent according to a youth’s gender and ethnicity.8 Most research has concentrated on females, partly because national fertility studies interview only females and because of the historical interest in teenage pregnancy. However, studies that have included both males and females have consistently shown gender differences in the age a...

The pulmonary innate immune system responds to various airborne microbes. Although its specificity is broad and based on the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns, it is uniquely regulated to limit inflammation and thereby prevent damage to the gas-exchanging alveoli. Macrophages, critical cell determinants of this system, recognize microbes through pattern recognition receptors...

The precise mechanisms that lead to parturition are incompletely defined. Surfactant protein-A (SP-A), which is secreted by fetal lungs into amniotic fluid (AF) near term, likely provides a signal for parturition; however, SP-A-deficient mice have only a relatively modest delay (~12 hours) in parturition, suggesting additional factors. Here, we evaluated the contribution of steroid receptor coa...