Driven by the current economical needs, developments in process design and control point out that deliberate operation of chemical process requires better models and control designs than what is offered by the traditional Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) framework. In this paper an identification approach based on Linear Parameter-Varying (LPV) models is introduced for process systems which enables ...

BACKGROUND HIV-1 shedding in genital secretions is associated with HIV transmission risk. Limited data exist on the effect of second-line lopinavir/ritonavir monotherapy (mLPV/r) on genital secretion of HIV RNA. METHODS We measured HIV-1 in genital secretions of HIV-infected adults at time of failure from non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based regimens and at 48 weeks af...

OBJECTIVE To compare sociodemographics, parity and mode of delivery between women diagnosed with vaginismus or localised provoked vestibulodynia (LPV) to women without a diagnosis before first pregnancy. DESIGN Retrospective, population-based register study. SETTING Sweden. SAMPLE All women born in Sweden 1973-83 who gave birth for the first time or remained nulliparous during the years 2...

Protease inhibitors (PIs) are used as a first-line regimen in HIV-1-infected children. Here we investigated the phenotypic consequences of amino acid changes in Gag and protease on lopinavir (LPV) and ritonavir (RTV) susceptibility among pediatric patients failing PI therapy. The Gag-protease from isolates from 20 HIV-1 subtype C-infected pediatric patients failing an LPV and/or RTV-based regim...

The aim of this randomised, prospective, open-label, multicentre pilot clinical trial was to compare the 48-week toxicity profile of lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) monotherapy with LPV/r-based HAART (KaMon = Kaletra monotherapy) in HIV/HCV patients undergoing HCV treatment. The study involved 30 HIV/HCV co-infected patients naive to anti- HCV therapy. One patient in each arm (6.7%) discontinued an...

We assessed pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of reduced dose lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) and compared generic and branded tablets. Twenty HIV-infected patients using protease inhibitors with HIV RNA <50 copies per milliliter were randomized to generic or branded LPV/r 200/50mg twice daily (BID). At week 2, PK-sampling was performed. Patients crossed over to the other arm until week 12, with anot...

This work proposes a solution for the longitudinal and lateral control problem of urban autonomous vehicles using a gain scheduling LPV control approach. Using the kinematic and dynamic vehicle models, a linear parameter varying (LPV) representation is adopted and a cascade control methodology is proposed for controlling both vehicle behaviours. In particular, for the control design, the use of...

A global model structure is developed for parametrization and identification of a general class of Linear Parameter-Varying (LPV) systems. By using a fixed orthonormal basis function (OBF) structure, a linearly parametrized model structure follows for which the coefficients are dependent on a scheduling signal. An optimal set of OBFs for this model structure is selected on the basis of local li...

OBJECTIVE Rifampicin co-administration dramatically reduces plasma lopinavir concentrations. Studies in healthy volunteers and HIV-infected patients showed that doubling the dose of lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) or adding additional ritonavir offsets this interaction. However, high rates of hepatotoxicity were observed in healthy volunteers. We evaluated the safety, effectiveness and pre-dose con...

BACKGROUND The number of patients on second-line highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimens is increasing in resource-limited settings. We describe the outcomes after 24 months for patients on LPV/r-based second-line regimens followed up by the ESTHER programme in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. METHODS Seventy patients who initiated second-line HAART regimens more than 24 months earlier wer...