This article addresses a general tri-objective two-echelon capacitated vehicle routing problem (2E-CVRP) to minimize the total travel cost, customers waiting times and carbon dioxide emissions simultaneously in distributing perishable products. In distributing perishable products, customers’ satisfaction is very important and is inversely proportional to the customers waiting times. The propose...

Abstract Complex networks are mathematical abstractions of real-world systems using sets nodes and edges representing the entities their interactions. Prediction unknown interactions in such is a problem interest biology, sociology, physics, engineering, etc. Most complex exhibit recurrence subnetworks, called network motifs. Within realm social science, link prediction (LP) models employed to ...

using the electrostatic capacity of a condenser, the existence of a distance function on a finsler space is discussed. this distance function divides finsler spaces into the two classes, denoted here by i and ii. the topology generated by this distance on the finsler spaces of class ii coincides with its intrinsic topology. this work provides a natural extension of mathematical analysis tools n...

introduction: lichen planus (lp) is an inflammatory mucocutaneous disease with unknown aetiology. many studies have been reported regarding probable relationship between lp and liver diseases especially hepatitis b and c and they have a lot of different consequences. these studies evaluated the relationship between lp and hepatitis b and c in hajdaee dermatology clinic in kermanshah, from 2004 ...

¯abstract backgrounds: lipoprotein (a) or lp(a) is a cholesterol-rich particle with atherothrombogenic properties. plasma level of lp(a) varies in different populations, however, little data on normal range of lp(a) lipoprotein among iranian population is available objective: the aim of this study was to estimate the normal range of lp(a) and also its relationship with other lipoproteins in a g...

s / Int. J. Devl Neuroscience 47 (2015) 1–131 27 Fig. 1. The lifespan trajectories of the global network metrics of Wm networks. (A) Tje lifespan trajectories of global and local efficiency. (B) The lifespan trajectories of small-world parameters (Lp, Cp, normalized Lp, normalized Cp and small-worldness). The blue dots represent the adjusted values of each subject after controlling for age, gen...

Background: Lichen planus (LP) is a common inflammatory skin disease. Pathogenesis of LP includes two possible mechanisms; related or unrelated to antigen. Regarding different clinical features of cutaneous and mucosal types of LP, for the first time, we decided to perform a qualitative and quantitative study of immune cells in different types of cutaneous LP and in comparison with normal skin....

We consider the travelling salesman problem on metrics which can be viewed as the shortest path metric of an undirected graph with unit edge-lengths. Finding a TSP tour in such a metric is then equivalent to finding a connected Eulerian subgraph in the underlying graph. Since the length of the tour is the number of edges in this Eulerian subgraph our problem can equivalently be stated as follow...