background and objective: ankle sprain is the most common injuries of ankle joint that 22% of sport injuries is related to ankle sprain.the aim of this study is to compare the effect of 1% hydrocortisone phonophoresis (1% hcp) with low level laser therapy (lllt) on treatment of 2nd degree ankle sprain. materials and methods: this double-blinded clinical trial was performed in fattemieh physioth...

High-Level Abstractions for Low-Level Programming Iavor Sotirov Diatchki Ph.D., OGI School of Science & Engineering at Oregon Health & Science University May 2007 Thesis Advisor: Dr. Mark P. Jones Computers are ubiquitous in modern society. They come in all shapes and sizes: from standard household appliances and personal computers, to safety and security critical applications such as vehicle n...

ion, in the presence of a number of interacting analysis tools? We believe this to be an important challenge but have not yet made much progress towards solving it. Of course, machines often have trouble answering “why” questions because they usually do not keep track of the reasons that previous decisions were made, and because the correct answer can depend on the frame of mind of a human. We ...

ions Abstractions have a cost. File systems and network protocols are generic and not tailored to one particular application. We cannot expect an abstraction to be optimal with respect to every application that uses it. Similarly on the PL side one cannot expect a general purpose PL to provide the exact abstractions needed for one particular application. These abstractions too have a cost: they...

We present a possible method for integrating high level and low level planning. To do so, we introduce the global plan random trajectory η0 : [1, T ] → R, measured by goals Gi and governed by the distribution p(η0 | {Gi}i=1). This distribution is combined with the low level robot-crowd planner p(f, f, . . . , f | z1:t) (from [Trautman et al., 2013, Trautman and Krause, 2010]) in the distributio...

Section 5.0 of DO-178B/ED-12B explains that when Source Code is generated directly from high-level requirements (HLR), then the high-level requirements are also considered lowlevel requirements (LLR), and the guidelines for low-level requirements also apply. This part of section 5.0 addresses the case where the system-level requirements are "directly" highly refined (i.e., created in one refine...

Programmers of high-performance applications face two major implementation options: to use a high-level language which manages communication implicitly or to use a low-level language while specifying communication explicitly. The high-level approach offers safety and convenience, but forces programmers to give up control, making it difficult to hand-tune communications or to estimate communicat...

An erbium:YAG laser can be used to achieve an effect termed “laser analgesia”. This is based on the concept that "simultaneous low level laser therapy" (LLLT) may occur along with high level laser treatment, as outlined by by Ohshiro and Calderhead. Laser analgesia is a non-destructive, non-thermal bio-modulation of dental pulp responses. It is not profound anaesthesia (the lack of all sensatio...