As China is undergoing dramatic development, it is also experiencing major societal changes, including an emerging obesity epidemic, with the prevalence of overweight and obesity doubling in the past decade. However, the implications of a high glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) traditional Chinese diet are adversely changing in modern times, as a high-glycemic diet is becoming a greater...

We speculated that a diet with a high glycemic index (GI) or a diet with a low nutrient density (nutrient-to-calorie ratio) would enhance colon carcinogenesis, presumably via increased insulin resistance. Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats received an azoxymethane injection (20 mg/kg) and were randomized into five groups given an AIN-76 diet containing 1) 65% starch by weight, 2) 65% glucose ...

Increased interest in glycemic response derives from its linkage with chronic diseases, including obesity and type 2 diabetes. Our objective was to develop an in vitro method that predicts glycemic response. We proposed a simulated gastrointestinal digestion protocol that uses the concentration of dialyzable glucose (glucose in the soluble low molecular weight fraction of digests) as an index f...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE It is unclear whether diets with high glycemic index (GI) and low cereal fiber (CF) are associated with greater risk of stroke. We aimed to assess the relationship between dietary GI and CF content, retinal microvasculature changes, and stroke-related mortality. METHODS The study consisted of a population-based cohort, 49+ years, examined at baseline (1992 to 1994). At ...

PURPOSE Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of visual impairment worldwide. Genetics and diet contribute to the relative risk for developing AMD, but their interactions are poorly understood. Genetic variations in Complement Factor H (CFH), and dietary glycemic index (GI) are major risk factors for AMD. We explored the effects of GI on development of early AMD-like feature...

The tight glycemic control can prevent and/or delay the development of chronic complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). Dietary carbohydrates are the main determinant of postprandial blood glucose and glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load are used to predict blood glucose response to foods. The aim of this paper was to critically review the role of low GI diets in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM...

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is by far the most common metabolic and endocrinal disease in children (Peters & Schriger, 1997). The major dietary component responsible for fluctuations in blood glucose levels is carbohydrate. The amount, source (Jenkins et al., 1981; Gannon et al., 1989) and type (Brand et al., 1985) of carbohydrate appear to have profound influence on postprandial glucose levels. T...

A few studies have evaluated the association between diet and mammographic breast density (MBD) and results are inconsistent. MBD, a well-recognized risk factor for breast cancer, has been proposed as a marker of cumulative exposure to hormones and growth factors. Diets with a high glycemic index (GI) or glycemic load (GL) may increase breast cancer risk, via an effect on the insulin-like growt...