Hydatid disease is caused by Echinococcus granulosus and is endemic in many parts of the world, including Iran. This parasitic tapeworm can produce cysts in almost every organ of the body, with the liver and lung being the most frequently targeted organs. However, the cyst tends to appear in different and sometimes unusual body sites in various geographical areas of the world. This revi...

Certain mathematical structures make a habit of reoccuring in the most diverse list of settings. Some obvious examples exhibiting this intrusive type of behavior include the Fibonacci numbers, the Catalan numbers, the quaternions, and the modular group. In this article, the focus is on a lesser known example: the noncrossing partition lattice. The focus of the article is a gentle introduction t...

organismal, ecological and evolutionary levels continue to develop rapidly. Increasingly, biologists need to confront organised complexity, of which living systems are the paramount example. Both spontaneous emergence of order and the maintenance of stability in complex systems in the face of highly variable environments need to be researched further. Complex structures are generated and mainta...

Human echinococcosis remains a complex problem that may affect several organs, and requires mostly surgical management. We present two cases with uncommon locations of hydatid cysts that were successfully managed in our hospital during the last two years. the first case was a 62-yearold woman with a multicystic lesion in her right thigh that was radically excised, and histology confirmed the di...

While making location decisions, the distribution of distances (outcomes) among the service recipients (clients) is an important issue. In order to comply with the minimization of distances as well as with an equal consideration of the clients, mean-equity approaches are commonly used. They quantify the problem in a lucid form of two criteria: the mean outcome representing the overall efficienc...

'WHO Standard Acupuncture Point Locations in the Western Pacific Region (WHO Standard) was released in 2008. Initially, there were 92/361 controversial acupuncture points (acupoints). Through seven informal consultations and four task force team meetings, 86 points were agreed upon among the 92 controversial acupoints, leaving 6 remaining controversial acupoints, demanding active research in th...

A co-location pattern represents a subset of spatial features whose events tend to locate together in spatial proximity. The certain case of the co-location pattern has been investigated. However, location information of spatial features is often imprecise, aggregated, or error prone. Because of the continuity nature of space, over-counting is a major problem. In the uncertain case, the problem...

A recently developed system that uses pitched sounds to discover relative 3D positions of a group of devices located in a shared physical space is described. The measurements are coordinated over an IP network in a decentralized manner, while the actual measurements are carried out measuring the time-of-flight of the notes played by different devices. Approaches to sonify the discovery process ...

In this paper we introduce a new class of search problem which we calìalternating search'. Two searchers starting at given points in diierent search regions, who can move alternately with speed one, or (as a limiting case) simultaneously with combined speed one, seek to nd (reach) an object in least expected time. The hidden object is stationary and its location is given by a known distribution...

Petteri Nurmi, Johan Koolwaaij 1 Helsinki Institute for Information Technology HIIT University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 68, FI-00014, Finland 2 Telematica Instituut P.O. Box 589, NL-7500 AN Enschede, the Netherlands [email protected], [email protected] In context-aware mobile computing, location information has been, without doubt, the most widely studied source of contextual inf...