By means of a direct and constructive method based on the theory of semiglobal C solution, the local exact boundary observability is shown for nonautonomous 1-D quasilinear wave equations. The essential difference between nonautonomous wave equations and autonomous ones is also revealed.

In this paper we prove an observability inequality for a degenerate transport equation. First introduce local in time Carleman estimate the equation, then apply it to obtain global by using also energy estimate.

In this paper, an efficient and comprehensive hybrid intelligent technique for the optimal placement of phasor measurement units (PMUs) is proposed to minimize the number of PMU installation subjected to full network observability. Three main purposes of PMUs output synchronous measurements are monitoring, control, and protection of power system. We have combined Binary Imperialistic Competitio...

The continued development of sophisticated aircraft with high fidelity control systems will enable autonomous execution of challenging tasks such as aerial refueling and close formation flight. In order to achieve such tasks in autonomous flight, an aircraft must sense other aircraft in close proximity and position itself relative to them. For example, aerial refueling requires the follower air...

From the “right to be left alone” to the “right to selective disclosure”, privacy has long been thought as the control individuals have over the information they share and reveal about themselves. However, in a world that is more connected than ever, the choices of the people we interact with increasingly affect our privacy. This forces us to rethink our definition of privacy. We here formalize...

The observability of discrete time nonlinear systems is studied. Criteria of observability are given in terms of codistributions. This leads naturally to decompositions similar to the ones known in the continuous time case. Some observability properties of invertible systems are also investigated. In particular, it is shown that, under regularity hypotheses, the weaker notion of forward-backwar...

We propose a state estimation methodology using network of distributed observers. consider scenario in which the local measurement at each node may not guarantee system's observability. In contrast, ensemble all measurements does ensure that observability property holds. As result, we design observers such estimated vector computed by observer converges to and communicated estimates subset its ...

We investigate different concepts related to observability of linear constant coefficient differential-algebraic equations. Regularity, which, loosely speaking, guarantees existence and uniqueness of solutions for any inhomogeneity, is not required in this article. Concepts like impulse observability, observability at infinity, behavioral observability, strong and complete observability are des...

Understanding interactions between mobile species distributions and landcover characteristics remains an outstanding challenge in ecology. Multiple factors could explain species distributions including endogenous evolutionary traits leading to conspecific clustering and endogenous habitat features that support life history requirements. Birds are a useful taxon for examining hypotheses about th...

The observability of discrete linear time-varying (LTV) systems with normbounded parameter uncertainties is analysed in this paper. Like in continuous case (Chung, et al., 1999), the sufficient conditions, which ensure the observability of the uncertain system, are proposed. In discrete cases, reconstructibility is no longer equivalent to observability, which results in the different form of eq...