Besides Peyer's patches, solitary intestinal lymphoid tissue (SILT) provides a structural platform to efficiently initiate immune responses in the murine small intestine. SILT consists of dynamic lymphoid aggregates that are heterogeneous in size and composition, ranging from small clusters of mostly lineage-negative cells known as cryptopatches to larger isolated lymphoid follicles rich in B c...

This paper describes the architecture of a WrappingBased Self-Modeling System that includes all of the models and processes we have mentioned in our previous papers on the subject of methods for mitigating the effects of the Get Stuck theorems. To make the description more concrete, we have selected a particular application domain example: “active system integrity fences”, that protect and defe...

omplex nervous system patterning—usually assumed to have coevolved with advanced, centralized nervous systems— may have arisen before nerves consolidated into a central nerve chord, according to Christopher Lowe, John Gerhart (University of California, Berkeley, CA), Marc Kirschner (Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA), and colleagues. Their idea runs counter to the prevailing theory of dorsoven...

Detection and removal of fences from digital images becomes essential when an important part of the scene turns to be occluded by such unwanted structures. Image de-fencing is challenging because manually marking fence boundaries is tedious and time consuming. The fence is a distributed object and may cover a significant portion of the scene. In this paper a novel image de-fencing algorithm tha...

A combined blast fence is introduced in this paper to improve the solid blast fences and louvered ones. Experiments of the jet engine exhaust flow (hereinafter jet flow for short) field and tests of three kinds of blast fences in two positions were carried out. The results show that the pressure and temperature at the centre of the jet flow decrease gradually as the flow moves farther away from...

Population increase of Pratylenchus hexincisus on corn was tested over 3 months at 15, 20, 25, and 30 C in Marshall silt loam, Clarion silt loam, Buckner coarse sand, and Haig silty clay loam soils. The optimum temperature for increase was 30 C in all soils. The nematode population was significantly larger in Buckner coarse sand than in other soil types at 50 C. The recovered P. hexincisus popu...

Fences are commonly used in coastal regions to control wind-blown sand. Sand-trapping fences and sand-stabilizing have been installed at the Tottori Sand Dunes, Prefecture, Japan, prevent damage by sand; however, effectiveness of these has not previously quantitatively evaluated. This study analyzed effects sand on trapping using field observations blown-sand flux unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) ...