Coumarin carboxamide derivatives are important building blocks for organic synthesis and chemical biology due to their excellent biopharmaceutical properties. In this paper, we demonstrate the first time a two-step enzymatic of coumarin derivatives. Salicylaldehyde dimethyl malonate were reacted obtain carboxylate methyl derivatives, which then with various amines under catalysis lipase TL IM f...

The linearity of thermoluminescence (TL) dose response curve, in low dose levels, is affected by background signals appearing at the tail of the glow curves. The effects of these signals also restrict the use of the high temperature glow peaks in many applications. In this study, a new reading out procedure was presented to reduce the background signals and increase the resolution of the high t...

C often decry an earnings-focused short-term orientation of management that eschews spending on risky, long-term projects such as innovation to boost a firm’s stock price. Such critics assume that stock markets react positively to announcements of immediate earnings but negatively to announcements of investments in innovation that have an uncertain long-term pay off. Contrary to this position, ...

In order to obtain phosphatidylcholine (PC) with higher amount of oleic acid, the interesterification between soybean PC and Camellia oleifera oil (COO) rich in oleic acid catalyzed by lipase was studied in hexane. For this aim three commercially available immobilized lipases (Novozym 435, Lipozyme TLIM and Lipozyme RMIM) were assayed and Novozym 435 was finally selected for further optimizatio...

In this paper we present new empirical evidence on the agency based asset pricing model of Brennan (1993). We find strong evidence that in the recent period stocks whose returns covary more with the idiosyncratic component of the S&P500 return have significantly lower returns, holding constant either the market beta or the loadings on the Fama-French factors. The effect is confined mainly to la...

Fama (1970) defined an efficient market as one in which prices always ’fully reflect’ available information. This paper formalizes this definition and provides various characterizations relating to equilibrium models, profitable trading strategies, and equivalent martingale measures. These various characterizations facilitate new insights and theorems relating to efficient markets. In particula...