The vitamin D-induced calcium-binding protein calbindin-D (CaBP) was localized immunohistochemically in some but not all of the cell bodies and axons within the intestinalis nerve of the chicken. Unlike other nerve tissue thus far examined, the CaBP content of the intestinalis nerve was decreased in vitamin D deficiency and increased in chicken adapted to a calcium-deficient diet. These changes...

The genome of the microsporidia Encephalitozoon cuniculi is widely recognized as a model for extreme reduction and compaction. At only 2.9 Mbp, the genome encodes approximately 2,000 densely packed genes and little else. However, the nuclear genome of its sister, Encephalitozoon intestinalis, is even more reduced; at 2.3 Mbp, it represents a 20% reduction from an already severely compacted geno...

Clinical manifestations of giardiasis vary from asymptomatic infection to chronic diarrhea. A total of 611 stool samples from Aboriginal participants residing in Jelebu, Gerik and Temerloh States, Malaysia, ages 2 to 74 years were screened for Giardia intestinalis using microscopic examination and sequence analysis of a fragment of nested-PCR amplified triosephosphate isomerase (tpi) gene. Demo...

Recent reports have described the successful treatment of Encephalitozoon intestinalis infection in AIDS patients with albendazole. However, this compound is rapidly metabolized in vivo to albendazole sulfoxide, and furthermore it is only 1 of about 15 commercially developed benzimidazole derivatives. To compare the activities of albendazole, albendazole sulfoxide, and other benzimidazoles, an ...

INTRODUCTION Intestinal parasitic infections have been reported in different regions of Argentina. Giardia intestinalis is recognized as "the national parasite". The aim of this work was to determine the prevalence of both intestinal parasites and G. intestinalis genotypes, as well as to analyze the clinical and epidemiological characteristics in schoolchildren from a suburban community. METH...

Ciona intestinalis is an invasive marine biofouling organism first detected in coastal waters of Newfoundland and Labrador in 2012. As a sessile animal, it is essential that larvae locate a suitable substrate for attachment in an adequate environment, but the timing of this critical event may not be as important as once believed. We demonstrate that while swimming larvae may have limited time t...

Although sensitivity to pollutants is well known be species specific, closely related are often assumed respond similarly them. We tested this assumption, comparing the of Ciona intestinalis and robusta two common marine pollutants: Bisphenol A (BPA) tris(1-chloro-2-propyl)phosphate (TCPP). In particular, we focused on ascidian embryonic development determined whether C. displayed different res...

We herein report N-glycosylation profiles of the individual tissues derived from the ascidian Ciona intestinalis. Multidimensional HPLC mapping revealed that the C. intestinalis expresses high-mannose-type oligosaccharides as major N-glycans, along with paucimannose-type and complex-type oligosaccharides, in a tissue-specific manner. Notably, the trimannosyl core carrying beta1,2-xylose and alp...

The draft genome ( approximately 160 Mb) of the urochordate ascidian Ciona intestinalis has been sequenced by the whole-genome shotgun method and should provide important insights into the origin and evolution of chordates as well as vertebrates. However, because this genomic data has not yet been mapped onto chromosomes, important biological questions including regulation of gene expression at...

Giardia intestinalis has been found in a variety of mammals, including humans, and consists of host-specific and zoonotic genotypes. There has been only 1 study of G. intestinalis infection in weasels, but the genotype of its isolate remains unclear. In this study, we report the isolation of Giardia in a ferret exhibited at a pet shop. The isolate was analyzed genetically to validate the possib...