A revision of the known species of Epipleoneura is presented. Material of all Brazilian species was examined. Two new species are described: E. ottoi (Holotype: Brazil, Goiás State, São Bartolomeu river) and E. susanae (Holotype: Brazil, Mato Grosso State, São Lorenzo river), and the male of E. humeralis and the female of E. kaxuriana are described for the first time. With the exception of E. p...

Pneumatosis intestinalis is an uncommon disorder characterized by an accumulation of gas in the bowel wall. We described three cases undertaking liver transplantation. The patients developed diarrhea in three cases and high fever in two. An abdominal X-ray and computed tomography scan demonstrated extensive pneumatosis intestinalis in the colon with pneumoperitoneum mimicking hollow organ perfo...

A new species of microsporidian, Septata intestinalis, was recently recognized as an opportunistic pathogen of AIDS patients. In this study, it was cultured from the nasopharyngeal aspirate of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patient with disseminated microsporidiosis. In human embryonic lung cells exposed to S. intestinalis, a cytopathic effect appeared within 28 days as foci of ...

Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI), defined as gas within the bowel wall, is an uncommon radiographic sign which can represent a wide spectrum of diseases and a variety of underlying diagnoses. Because its etiology can vary greatly, management of PI ranges from surgical intervention to outpatient observation (see, Greenstein et al. (2007), Morris et al. (2008), and Peter et al. (2003)). Since PI is ...

The innate immunity of ascidian hemocytes is considered to be a prototype of that in vertebrates. In this study, we identified as many transcripts as possible that were expressed specifically in hemocytes of Ciona intestinalis, a ubiquitous species of ascidian. Using a large-scale whole-mount in situ hybridization (WISH) technique and young adult specimens of C. intestinalis, 34 such transcript...

69 Sir, An 81‐year‐old man who had habitual constipation visited our hospital complaining of vomiting. His abdomen showed distension without tenderness. Abdominal X‐ray showed dilatation of stomach, with gas in the small and large intestines [Figure 1]. Computed tomography revealed numerous gas cysts in the wall of stomach, small and large intestines [Figure 2, arrows], and portal venous system...

With the purpose of verify the presence of larvae from the genus Gasterophilus in the Rio Grande do Sul State, a study was undertaken using 395 horses taken to slaughter in the city of Pelotas. The material analysis revealed that 126 animals (31,90%) presented infection, with 100 animals (25,32%) infected by Gasterophilus nasalis, and 47 animals (11,90%) infected by G. intestinalis. These resul...

Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis is a rare disorder with multiple submucosal or subserosal gas-filled cysts along the gastrointestinal wall. Pneumatosis intestinalis can be classified as either primary (idiopathic) or secondary. In the latter form, a causal relationship has been established with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, amyloidosis, infectious colitis, intestinal obstruction, is...

Pneumatosis intestinalis, in association with portal venous gas, is a rare finding in children and young adults. In radiological studies, it is characterized by gas-filled cysts within the bowel-wall. It is often a sign of the serious significant underlying illness and is associated with a poor prognosis. A case of pneumatosis intestinalis and portal venous gas associated with abdominal tubercu...

BACKGROUND Although gastrointestinal involvement in patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis is uncommon, it is associated with mild to severe life-threatening complications. We present a case of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis in a patient with granulomatosis with polyangiitis that was treated successfully with hyperbaric oxygen. CASE PRESENTATION A 70-year-old Japanese man with a 3...