BACKGROUND The rhizome of Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb (Zingiberaceae) has been used as a traditional folk medicine for the treatment of rheumatic disorders in Bangladesh. The aim of the current study was the bioassay-guided isolation and purification of an antinociceptive principle from the methanol extract of C. aeruginosa rhizomes. METHODS The antinociceptive activity was determined using aceti...

Tamarindus indica has several folkloric uses in the treatment of various ailments. This study evaluated analgesic activity methanol leaf extract (MLETI) mice and Wistar rats. Acute toxicity studies were conducted using both modified method Lorke OECD 425 guidelines. The was tested acetic acid-induced writhing test, hot plate formalin-induced hind-paw licking. Glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, a...

Rabbits may develop a self-injurious behavior and hurt themselves severely. Lactating females can, in turn, hurt their newborn kits by chewing or excessively licking their ears and their limbs. Self-injurious behavior of body regions is observed in rabbits suffering from specific pathologies, in does (adult female rabbits) with a very strong maternal instinct (Figure 1) as well as in individual...

Formalin as a chemical noxious stimulus evokes a biphasic pain that its second phase as a chronic inflammatory pain is similar to clinical pain. In this study, we used 40 NMRI male rats (250-300 g), and experiments were carried out considering ethical rules. Experiments were performed in normal and morphine addicted rats, the addiction was induced by Leung method. Behaviors of flinching and lic...

Variations in maternal care affect the development of individual differences in neuroendocrine responses to stress in rats. As adults, the offspring of mothers that exhibited more licking and grooming of pups during the first 10 days of life showed reduced plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone and corticosterone responses to acute stress, increased hippocampal glucocorticoid receptor messenger RNA...

CONTEXT The seeds of Telfairia occidentalis have been known to possess different biological properties and are used in traditional medicine in Africa and Asia to treat many ailments. The plant is particularly noted traditionally for its healing properties and is usually consumed in the form of herbal decoctions/concoctions as a blood tonic, to treat sudden attacks of convulsions, pain, malaria ...

Hyperphagia is a reported side effect of anxiolytic benzodiazepines such as chlordiazepoxide (CDP). Prior research has focused primarily on the ingestive responses to sweet or solid foods. We examined CDP effects on licking for normally accepted and avoided taste solutions across a range of concentrations. The effect of CDP (10 mg/kg) versus saline on the licking patterns of water-restricted ra...

The dose of carcinogen applied to the skin is one of the most important factors determining the ultimate tumor incidence (9, 10). However, the experiment of Calcutt and Powell (3) demonstrated that the effective dose of the carcinogen may be considerably lower than that measured onto the skin. Using fluorimetric methods and a single application of 3 mg. of benzpyrene (0.05 ml. of a 6 per cent s...