Lexical simplification is the task of replacing a word in a given context by an easier-to-understand synonym. Although a number of lexical simplification approaches have been developed in recent years, most of them have been applied to English, with recent work taking advantage of parallel monolingual datasets for training. Here we present LexSiS, a lexical simplification system for Spanish tha...

Text Simplification (TS) aims to convert complex sentences into their simpler variants, which are more accessible to wider audiences. Several recent studies addressed this problem as a monolingual machine translation (MT) problem (translating from ‘original’ to ‘simplified’ language instead of translating from one language into another) using the standard phrase-based statistical machine transl...

In an experiment stylistic choices in the new Dutch Bible translation were evaluated. 185 participants evaluated 4 fragments which differed type of variation (lexical or syntactic), source fragment (Bible - classical text) and way variations applied (single mixed). Also religious¬ness evaluator was taken into account. Examined is whether lexical modernization syntactic simplification are same, ...

Analysing lexical complexity is a task that has mainly attracted the attention of psycholinguists and language teachers. More recently, this issue has seen a growing interest in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP) and, in particular, that of automatic text simplification. The aim of this task is to identify words and structures which may be difficult to understand by a target audienc...

Easy-to-read guidelines recommend visual support and lexical simplification to facilitate text processing, but few empirical studies confirm a positive effect from these recommendations in individuals with dyslexia. This study examined the influence of on sentence processing through eye movements at both text- word-level, differences between readers without Furthermore, we explored reading expe...

syntax principles in arabic are the main base of this language ,yet they have always been accompanied with complexity specially in the field of education. no doubt that different factors create this situation. some of these factors are vapidity of principles ,traditional methodology , fruitless efforts and aimless education. furthermore ,naturally , syntax consists of philosophical analysis and...

In this paper, we propose a new approach to readability assessment with a specific view to the task of text simplification: the intended audience includes people with low literacy skills and/or with mild cognitive impairment. READ–IT represents the first advanced readability assessment tool for what concerns Italian, which combines traditional raw text features with lexical, morpho-syntactic an...

The Web 2.0, through its different platforms, such as blogs, social networks, microblogs, or forums allows users to freely write content on the Internet, with the purpose to provide, share and use information. However, the non-standard features of the language used in Web 2.0 publications can make social media content less accessible than traditional texts. For this reason we propose TENOR, a m...

The article is devoted to a review of approaches solving the problem identifying paraphrases. This problem's relevance and use in tasks such as plagiarism detection, text simplification, information search are described. Several classes solutions were considered. first approach based on manual rules - it uses manually selected features fundamental properties second lexical similarity various da...

In recent years, there has been increased interest in topic-focused multi-document summarization. In this task, automatic summaries are produced in response to a specific information request, or topic, stated by the user. The system we have designed to accomplish this task comprises four main components: a generic extractive summarization system, a topic-focusing component, sentence simplificat...