[1] Trends and sources of lead (Pb) aerosol pollution in the North Pacific rim of North America from 1850 to 2001 are investigated using a high-resolution (subannual to annual) ice core record recovered from Eclipse Icefield (3017 masl; St. Elias Mountains, Canada). Beginning in the early 1940s, increasing Pb concentration at Eclipse Icefield occurs coevally with anthropogenic Pb deposition in ...

Guiyu, a rural village in Guangdong Province, China, is considered to be one of the most polluted places in the world. As a major destination of the world’s electronic waste, or e-waste, Guiyu is a source of worldwide controversy over how to address the growing problem of e-waste disposal. E-waste describes discarded electronic or electric devices—from cell phones and computers to televisions a...

The Pb-monitoring program was extended for 6 years from 2002 to 2007 at 17 representative urban sites (6 traffic, 5 industrial, and 6 residential sites), and 3 suburban sites to assess the lead pollution in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) after phasing out leaded gasoline in Shanghai. Compared with Pb levels reported in other places, the Pb pollution in Shanghai is still serious after phasing o...

This chapter describes how estimates of air pollution emissions are transformed into ambient concentration of pollution, further translated into exposure and health impacts on a population, and finally expressed in damages. Different trade and environmental policy menus lead to different levels of pollution emissions and income. For each menu the emissions levels translate into specific mortali...

Human civilization and concomitant increase in industrial activity have gradually influenced in redistribution of many toxic metals form the earth’s crust to the surrounding environment resulting in exposure of human population. Among different toxic elements, heavy metals, lead in particular, have high prevalence in the environment. Understanding of lead toxicity has advanced substantially ove...

every year the entrance of factory wastes such as shiraz petrochemical complex, marvdasht sugar cube factory, and charmineh factory, and other industrial units into the kor and sivand rivers and also the entrance of the marvdasht and zarghan city sewer system wastes into the kor river and the use of their water in the cultivation of the rice has caused a significant increase in the lead and cad...

background: composition of dust in the air due to contact with human via inhalation, ingestion and skin absorption will have a large impact on public health. in the learning environments such as universities, many people spend most of their day in contact with the dust. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the concentration of heavy metals lead, chromium and copper in the training space of...

A National Fuels Surveillance Network has been established to collect gasoline and other fuels through the 10 regional offices of the Environmental Protection Agency. Physical, chemical, and trace element analytical determinations are made on the collected fuel samples to detect components which may present an air pollution hazard or poison exhaust catalytic control devices. A summary of trace ...

Lead (PB, latin name plumbum) is a heavy metal commonly found in nature. In the environment it is not biodegradable nor does it undergo dissociation. It can accumulate in the tissues of living organisms. Throughout the years the attitude towards lead has changed. Once widely used, currently considered a big threat to the health ofa human. The development of civilization and associated with it a...