To share huge amount of heterogeneous information, the Internet is reconstructed to consist of five layers, including routing, multicasting, persisting, presenting and humans. Routing layer establishes the fundamental substrate and locates resources with social disciplines. Multicasting layer disseminates data efficiently based on the routing. Persisting layer accesses persistent data with mini...

We describe a methodology for optimal controller construction for chemical batch plants. The emphasis lies on the problem of running multiple batches. We consider a layered design and solution to the above problem, in particular with a lower layer realised in PLCs and a higher layer realised on arbitrary computer systems (usually PCs), such that the lower layer ooers to the higher layer a colle...

ZnO nanorods (NRs) were synthesized using an in situ low-temperature hydrothermal method. In order to investigate the effect of different seed layers on quality of ZnO NRs arrays, alcoholic, alkaline and acidic seed solutions were deposited by spin coating on ITO-glass substrate. Experimental results revealed that the vertically ZnO NRs obtained from monoethanolamine-based seed layer is the...

In this research, modification on the ultrafiltration (UF) membrane by synthesis of a thin layer of polyamide selective layer was designed for high performances of forward osmosis (FO) water treatment. Two monomers, m-Phenylenediamine (MPD) and Trimesoyl chloride (TMC) with different concentrations of MPD (2.0% w/v and 1.0% w/v) were reacted with TMC (0.15% w/v) for interfacial polymerization (...

these investigations indicate that the anterior layer of the renal fascia continues across the midline of the body in front of the aorta and inferior vena cava to become continuous with a similar layer on the opposite side of the body. the posterior layer of the renal fascia blends with the fascia covering the psoas major especially at the medial and lateral edges of this muscle. but, in additi...

E-Chord is a Distributed Hash Table algorithm (DHT) inspired from Chord, Pastry and CAN algorithms. It meant to provide a keyword-based search in the Three-Layer Mediation Architecture. The E-Chord is deployed in the middle layer (Integration Layer) of the architecture and provides services to the higher layer (Presence Layer) and the lower layer (Homogenization Layer).

We used retrograde and anterograde transport methods and single-cell reconstructions to examine the projection from layer IV to supragranular layers in the tree shrew's striate cortex. We found that neurons in the ON and OFF subdivisions of layer IV (IVa and IVb, respectively) have overlapping terminal fields throughout layers II and III. Despite their overlap, these projections are organized i...