In this study, the stirring mechanism of shear-thinning fluids benefiting from four blades in turbulent flow is considered. The fluid is studied inside a stirred cylindrical tank with a flat bottom. The height of fluid is equal to the cylinder’s diameter and the impeller is positioned centrally. A CFD simulation has been carried out and three-dimensional turbulent flow is numerically analyzed u...

Power law distributions, in particular Pareto describe data across diverse areas of study. We have developed a package, ptsuite, R to estimate the tail index for such datasets which: a) uses variety estimation methods; b) focuses on speed (in with large datasets); c) is accurate and d) easy use. The package also able generate as well conduct both heuristic statistical tests check if Paretian. t...

We present here a new calculation of the γ-ray spectrum from pp → π in the Galactic ridge environment. The calculation includes the diffractive pp interaction and incorporates the Feynman scaling violation for the first time. Galactic diffuse γ-rays come, predominantly, from π → γγ in the sub-GeV to multi-GeV range. Hunter et al. found, however, an excess in the GeV range (“GeV Excess”) in the ...

Galaxies and galaxy clusters are observed to have a rather non-trivial radial behaviour. The observations show that the radial profiles change from one power-law profile near the centre to another power-law profile in the outer region. We present a simple explanation for this complex behaviour by finding the analytical solutions to the governing hydrodynamic equations. We see that the origin of...

Abstract. Let I ⊂ N be an infinite subset, and let {ai}i∈I be a sequence of nonzero real numbers indexed by I such that there exist positive constants m,C1 for which |ai| ≤ C1 · i for all i ∈ I. Furthermore, let ci ∈ [−1, 1] be defined by ci = ai C1·i for each i ∈ I, and suppose the ci’s are equidistributed in [−1, 1] with respect to a continuous, symmetric probability measure μ. In this paper,...

The technique of compiling retrospecttue bibliographies by citation mapping is a process of constructing relational maps byEnking citations from the current publications to the archival contributions. The recall and precisian of the bibliography is contended to be satisfactory and could be improved by rational choice of base articles and link articles. The technique is demonstrated by compiling...