An important role of cell matrix adhesion receptors is to mediate transmembrane coupling between extracellular matrix attachment, actin reorganization, and cell spreading. Thrombospondin (TSP)-1 is a modulatory component of matrix expressed during development, immune response, or wound repair. Cell adhesion to TSP-1 involves formation of biochemically distinct matrix contacts based on stable fa...

Background: Although cervical epidural block can be a useful therapeutic treatment for head, neck and upper extremities pain, there is no consensus regarding the volume of injection required for pain management. Herein, the spreading in the vertebral segments after a cervical epidural injection of either a 5 or 10 ml volume was studied. Methods: A total of 78 patients, suffering from head, neck...

We present a lateral trench gate SOI-LDMOSFET that uses narrow trenches as channels. The lateral trench gate, which allows the channel current to flow laterally on the trench side walls, decreases its on-resistance because it increases the current spreading area of the device. The specific on-resistance ðRspÞ strongly depends on the trench depth, which affects the channel area on the side wall ...

We use scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) experiments and first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations to address a fundamental question of how quantum well (QW) states for electrons in a metal evolve spatially in the lateral direction when there is a surface step that changes the vertical confinement thickness. This study reveals a clear spatially dependent, nearly continuo...

Using a "slit camera" recording technique, we have examined the effects of local laser irradiation of cilia of the gill epithelium of Mytilus edulis. The laser produces a lesion which interrupts epithelial integrity. In artificial sea water that contains high K+ or is effectively Ca++ free, metachronism of the lateral cilia continues to either side of the lesion with only minor perturbations in...

earthquakes could have catastrophic impacts on tunnels and buried structures. liquefaction phenomenon is one of the most destructive effects of earthquakes. liquefaction results in decreasing effective stress and this consequently leads to decreases in shear strength of the soil. as a result, large deformation in both soil and buried structure occurs. moreover, liquefaction causes soil boiling,...

We study the spreading of viscous nonvolatile liquids on smooth horizontal substrates using a phase-modulated interference microscope with sufficient dynamic range to enable the simultaneous measurement of both the inner ("microscopic") length scale and the outer ("macroscopic") flow scale in addition to the intermediate matching region. The resulting measurements of both the apparent contact a...