the ninth constitution of afghanistan (1382 /2003) was ratified according to the bone agreement and with a democratic orientation. this paper compares the principles of this constitution with principles of two models of liberal democracy. for this purpose, five indexes have been used for our analysis: the view on man, the notion of right, political system, democracy, and the process for the act...

n 490 BC, the first battle for democracy was fought at the reek village of Marathon. Though overwhelmingly outumbered by an invading Persian horde, the citizen-soldiers f Athens were victorious. After running 26 miles to Athens o deliver the stunning news, the Athenian professional essenger Phidippides collapsed and died. Unfortunately, he tragedy of unexpected, sudden death in athletes has bee...

Pnyx is an easy-to-use and entirely web-based tool for preference aggregation that does not require any prior knowledge about social choice theory. The tool is named after a hill in Athens called Pnyx, which was the official meeting place of the Athenian democratic assembly and is therefore known as one of the earliest sites in the creation of democracy. Pnyx is available at pnyx.dss.in.tum.de.

In this paper I take up the question of the relationship between democracy and inclusion. I present the deliberative turn in democratic theory as an attempt to overcome ‘external exclusion’ and discuss Iris Young’s work as an attempt to overcome ‘internal exclusions.’ I argue that although attempts to make democracy more inclusive are laudable, they are ultimately based upon a colonial concepti...

Can democracy be taught? Are individuals more likely to embrace democratic values, to learn basic knowledge about political processes, and to engage the political process more effectively as a result of their exposure to donor-sponsored civic education programmes in emerging democracies? After more than a decade of evaluations of civic education programmes, it is a good time to take stock of wh...

Arab growth has been both unsustainable in the long run as well as characterized by high short run volatility, especially in the period affected by the massive oil price shocks since 1985. This paper seeks to explain these two devastating features of the region’s growth. Our analysis corroborates the view, most notably articulated in the work of Dani Rodrik, that this phenomenon is not just a f...

Since holding elections in 2010, Myanmar has transitioned from a direct military dictatorship to a formally democratic system and has embarked on a period of rapid economic reform. After two decades of military rule, the pace of change has startled almost everyone and led to a great deal of cautious optimism. To make sense of the transition and assess the case for optimism, this article explore...

Title of Document: MANAGING DISCONTENT: INSTITUTIONS, INTERVENTION AND ETHNIC CONFLICT Bidisha Biswas, Doctor of Philosophy, 2006 Directed By: Professor Mark Irving Lichbach, Department of Government and Politics Over the last fifteen years, the number of civil conflicts worldwide has declined and negotiated settlements have increased. The spread of democracy and greater international concern a...

T his study investigates the relationship between quality of environment and democracy among different countries over the period of 2002 - 2012. Democracy and accumulated democracy indices have been considered as political inequality variables influencing the quality of the environment among different countries in the reduced form of Kuznets’ environmental curve (EKC) hypotheses mode...