Knowledge workers are those who interact knowledgeable with information by creating, reading, analyzing and acting upon it. Being able to find relevant information is thus an important task for any knowledge worker, but how is this achieved? By interviewing knowledge workers about their information seeking activities, we have produced novel findings. Firstly, we suggest that the knowledge worke...

Textual CBR applications address issues that have traditionally been dealt with in the Information Retrieval community, namely the handling of textual documents. As CBR is a knowledge-based technique, the question arises where items of knowledge may come from and how they might contribute to the implementation of a Textual CBR system. In this paper, we will show how various pieces of knowledge ...

We compare two ways of obtaining lexical knowledge for antecedent selection in other-anaphora and definite noun phrase coreference. Specifically, we compare an algorithm that relies on links encoded in the manually created lexical hierarchy WordNet and an algorithm that mines corpora by means of shallow lexico-semantic patterns. As corpora we use the British National Corpus (BNC), as well as th...

Some supervised learning tasks do not fit the usual single annotator scenario. In these problems, ground-truth may not exist and multiple annotators are generally available. A few approaches have been proposed to address this learning problem. In this setting active learning (AL), the problem of optimally selecting unlabeled samples for labeling, offers new challenges and has received little at...

Electronic knowledge representation is becoming more and more pervasive both in the form of formal ontologies and less formal reference vocabularies, such as UMLS. The developers of clinical knowledge bases need to reuse these resources. Such reuse requires a new generation of tools for ontology development and management. Medical experts with little or no computer science experience need tools...

In this paper we present a brief look at some of the knowledge-based processes used in generatii~g referring expressions in the natural language advisory system WlSBER. Although WISBER is fully capable of exploiting syntactic information to generate contextually appropriate references, the work described here concentrates on the use of conceptual and contingent knowledge about objects in the do...

Advances in data collection and data storage technologies have made it possible to acquire massive Earth science data sets. In principle, these data sets could be transformed into great scientific discoveries. However, due to the heterogeneous nature and to the scale of the available Earth science data, traditional analysis methods are challenged and much of these data remain largely unexplored...

Multiple types of knowledge (syntax, semantics, pragmatics, etc.) contribute to establishing the meaning of an utterance. Immediate application of these knowledge sources is necessary to satisfy the real-time constraintof 200 to 300words per minute for adult comprehension, since delaying the use of a knowledge source introduces computational inefficiencies in the form of overgeneration. On the ...

The paper deals with the problem of knowledge granularity in case of building intelligent systems. The origin of the problem is discussed, some knowledge classifications are presented, next the links between types of knowledge and knowledge granularity are shown. In the last part of the paper the question of knowledge granularity types and their usage in intelligent systems is presented and dis...

Finding definitions in huge text collections is a challenging problem, not only because of the many ways in which definitions can be conveyed in natural language texts but also because the definiendum (i.e., the thing to be defined) has not, on its own, enough discriminative power to allow selection of definition-bearing passages from the collection. We have developed a method that uses already...