Genetic relatedness (kinship) among Anopheles gambiae Giles female mosquitoes was assessed using microsatellite loci in five locations across Africa and in nine samples taken between 1994 and 1999 in western Kenya. We assessed variation among samples in kinship as well as the effect of distance on kinship. Relatedness within populations was low, and differences among samples taken at various ti...

Abstract This article examines the employment of kinship relations in sustaining plantation economy and perpetuating precariousness child labourers who later became temporary workers tea plantations Kerala, South India. Kinship ties locked diverse into a moral obligation care that could easily be manipulated by management as form labour control. Plantation capitalism, therefore, sustained itsel...

Knowledge of kin relationships between members of wild animal populations has broad application in ecology and evolution research by allowing the investigation of dispersal dynamics, mating systems, inbreeding avoidance, kin recognition, and kin selection as well as aiding the management of endangered populations. However, the assessment of kinship among members of wild animal populations is di...

Women's perceptions of illness are examined and the effects of lay consultations and social networks on the use of general practitioner services are explored.A sample of 79 women aged 16-44 from a new estate in London completed six-week health diaries and were subsequently interviewed. Symptoms were recorded in the diaries one day in every three, and the ratio of medical consultations to sympto...

FAMILIES FORM ONE of the most important domains in people’s lives. At the individual level, having good social networks, of which relatives are a major component, is highly beneficial for well-being. At the macro-level, levels of contact with kin is a key component of family systems and frequently used as an indicator of wider social variables such as degree of modernization. Kin contact can in...

The goal of this paper is to relate formal analysis of kinship terminologies to a better understanding of who, culturally, are defined as our kin. Part I of the paper begins with a brief discussion as to why neither of the two claims: (1) kinship terminologies primarily have to do with social categories and (2) kinship terminologies are based on classification of genealogically specified relati...

While each individual has 10 billion ancestors a thousand years ago, these are not distinct and the actual number of distinct ancestors is much smaller. A female (‘Mitochondrial Eve’) and a male ancestor (‘Y-chromosome Adam’) of all humans certainly existed, possibly about 100,000 years ago, and a most recent common ancestor (‘MRCA’) of all humans existed much more recently. I use the SOCSIM mi...