Lysis of infected cells by CD8(+) T cells is an important mechanism for the control of virus infections, but remains difficult to quantify in vivo. Here, we study the elimination kinetics of viral antigen-positive lymphocytes by antiviral CD8(+) T cells using flow cytometry and mathematical analysis. In mice acutely infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, more than 99.99 % of target c...

Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) involves the administration of a tumor localizing photosensitizing agent, which upon activation with light of an appropriate wavelength leads to the destruction of the tumor cells. The aim of the present study was to determine the efficacy of erythrosine as a photosensitizer for the PDT of oral malignancies. The drug uptake kinetics of erythrosine in malignant (H357) ...

Hyperthermia has been shown to have promising antitumor effects for various types of malignant tumors. It is one the most potent adjuvant cancer therapy when combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The range hyperthermia temperature (40-45 ℃) induces cell killing depending on period treatment. Although kinetics inactivation by heat using clonogenic assay well studied, molecular mechanism h...

a radio assay employing 14c-uridine to measure the intracellular killing of candida albicans by phagocytes is presented. the principle of this new method is that after killing of candida albicans by phagocytes rna synthesis stops and therefore uridine uptake is diminished whilst viable candida in cultures would take up uridine and as a result, high cpm counts can be obtained within 135 min. of ...

Trastuzumab-refractory breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) could also explain the high rate of primary resistance to single-agent trastuzumab in HER2 gene-amplified breast cancer patients. The identification of agents with strong selective toxicity for trastuzumab-resistant breast CSCs may have tremendous relevance for how HER2+ breast cancer patients should be treated. Using the human breast can...

During most infections, the population of immune cells known as macrophages are key to taking up and killing bacteria as an integral part of the immune response. However, during infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), host macrophages serve as the preferred environment for mycobacterial growth. Further, killing of Mtb by macrophages is impaired unless they become activated. Activation ...

High dose, multiple alkylating agent chemotherapy is being employed in conjunction with autologous marrow transplantation in the clinic. We have investigated the scheduling of several alkylating drugs in an effort to optimize their antitumor effects. In vitro modeling of "continuous" (up to 72 h) versus "bolus" (1 h) exposure in MCF-7 cells showed that for N,N',N"-triethylenethiophosphoramide (...

Graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) against chronic-phase chronic myelogenous leukemia (CP-CML) is potent, but it is less efficacious against acute leukemias and blast-crisis chronic myelogenous leukemia (BC-CML). The mechanisms underlying GVL resistance are unknown. Previously, we found that alloreactive T cell targeting of GVL-sensitive bcr-abl-induced mouse CP-CML (mCP-CML) required TCR-MHC interact...