This article deals with the history of Indian Alchemy and surveys its gradual and fertile growth in ancient India.

We consider the transitions between electromagnetic bound states, such as the exclusive weak decay of a muonic atom into an electronic atom: (µ − Z) → (e − Z)¯ ν e ν µ. We show that relativistic effects in the atomic wave-functions are crucial for determining the rate. In the case of heavy atoms, the exclusive channel branching ratios exceed 10 −6 , possibly bringing the study of these rare dec...

This paper explores major trends in visualization of medieval theories of natural and artificial transformation of substances in relation to their philosophical and theological bases. The function of pictorial forms is analyzed in terms of the prevailing conceptions of science and methods of transmitting knowledge. The documents under examination date from the thirteenth to the fifteenth centur...

“ would prefer to spend . . . time discussing briefly our greatest need in hospital pharmacy— leadership.” This is a quote from Gloria Niemeyer Francke’s 1955 Whitney address, which is still appropriate. Leadership is just as critical today to our future success as it was in 1955. As a profession we need to thrive in order to continue to protect patients from medication harm and ensure the desi...