Non-activated alkyl halides are challenging substrates for cross-coupling reactions because they are reluctant to undergo oxidative addition and because metal alkyl intermediates are prone to beta-H elimination. Despite recent progress, well-defined catalysts are rare. We recently prepared Ni complexes with a chelating pincer-type bis(amino)amide ligand. The chloride complex [((Me)NN2)NiCl] is ...

The use of high-throughput screening allowed for the optimization of reaction conditions for the palladium-catalyzed asymmetric decarboxylative alkylation reaction of enolate-stabilized enol carbonates. Changing to a non-polar reaction solvent and to an electron-deficient PHOX derivative as ligand from our standard reaction conditions improved the enantioselectivity for the alkylation of a keta...

our previous experiments indicated that smooth muscle cells (SMC) in neointima of injured rabbit aorta (a) acquire the capacity to produce PGI2 and (b) have increased lysosomal CE hydrolytic (acid cholesteryl ester hydrolase [ACEH])activity. Using cultured SMC from rabbit thoracic aorta, we demonstrated that PGI2, 6-keto-PGF1,, and 6-keto-PGE, enhanced ACEH activity fourfold. No significant eff...

during a six year period (1969-1974), 29,233 records of the hospital admissions were carefully reviewed from the standpoint of age, sex incidence, precipitating factors, method of treatment and results in diabetes and diabetic coma patients in the isfahan university medical school’s hospitals. two hundred and fifty cases of diabetic patients were found (0.8% of the total), from which 25 (8%) we...

Purpose. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between prostanoid [thromboxane (TxA2) and prostacyclin (PGI2)] levels in synovial fluid infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP)/ suprapatellar (SPFP) thickness as well other clinical findings knee steoarthritis (OA) patients.
 Materials Methods: 16 patients with OA effusion were included. average pain evaluated using a Visual Analogue...

Ethyl (R)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyrate ((R)-CHBE), as a chiral intermediate, is widely used in the synthesis of various drugs. In this study, we screened two aldo–keto reductases (LP-AKRs) from probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum DSM20174, both with molecular weight approximately 31 kDa. Both enzymes could reduce 4-chloroacetoacetic acid ethyl ester (COBE) to produce (R)-CHBE an enantioselectivity ...

This work proposes the design of β-keto esters as antibacterial compounds. The was based on structure autoinducer bacterial quorum sensing, N-(3-oxo-hexanoyl)-l-homoserine lactone (3-oxo-C6-HSL). Eight ester analogues were synthesised with good yields and spectroscopically characterised, showing that compounds only present in their tautomer form. We carried out a computational analysis reactivi...

The in vivo formation of the sulfate ester of glycolithocholate is a critical step in the elimination of this hepatotoxic bile salt. Rhesus monkeys fed chenodeoxycholate or ursodeoxycholate, the precursors of lithocholate, develop frank cirrhosis in association with accumulation of nonsulfated glycolithocholate in bile. An enzyme catalyzing the formation of glycolithocholate-3-sulfate has been ...