Prior program representations for genetic programming that incorporated features of modern programming languages solved harder problems than earlier representations, but required more complex genetic operators. We develop the idea of using combinator expressions as a program representation for genetic programming. This representation makes it possible to evolve programs with a variety of progra...

This data article provides the free amino acid contents of Japanese basket clams from different areas of Lake Abashiri and Abashirigawa River, which belong to the same water system. Abashirigawa River flows into the south side of Lake Abashiri and then runs out from the northeast side of the lake. Clams were caught in three different areas in Lake Abashiri (Memanbetsu, Yobito, and Katayama) and...

We develop a closed loop subspace identification method based on stochastic realization theory. Using the preliminary orthogonal decomposition of (Picci and Katayama, 1996b) we show that, under the assumption that the exogenous input is feedback-free and persistently exciting (PE), the identification of closed loop systems is divided into two subproblems: the deterministic identification of the...

However, in many infections the effect on the lymphatics may be both consistent and clinically marked. The lymphadenopathy may be local or generalized and lymphadenopathy is or can be a significant feature of acute HIV infection, primary Herpes simplex, some rickettsial infections, tularaemia, plague, cat-scratch fever due to Bartonella henselae, primary syphilis, lymphogranuloma venereum, chan...

Recently two new degree concepts have been defined in graph theory: ev-degree and ve-degree. Also the evdegree and ve-degree Zagreb and Randić indices have been defined very recently as parallel of the classical definitions of Zagreb and Randić indices. It was shown that ev-degree and ve-degree topological indices can be used as possible tools in QSPR researches . In this paper we d...

Corrigendum: Length of intact plasma membrane determines the diffusion properties of cellular water Sato Eida, Marc Van Cauteren, Yuka Hotokezaka, Ikuo Katayama, Miho Sasaki, Makoto Obara, Tomoyuki Okuaki, Misa Sumi & Takashi Nakamura Scientific Reports 6:19051; doi: 10.1038/srep19051; published online 11 January 2016; updated on 20 May 2016 This Article contains errors. In Figure 1j, the x-axi...

SUMMARY The BioRuby software toolkit contains a comprehensive set of free development tools and libraries for bioinformatics and molecular biology, written in the Ruby programming language. BioRuby has components for sequence analysis, pathway analysis, protein modelling and phylogenetic analysis; it supports many widely used data formats and provides easy access to databases, external programs...

Transcription activation of early human development suggests DUX4 as an embryonic regulator Virpi Töhönen, Shintaro Katayama, Liselotte Vesterlund, Mona Sheikhi, Liselotte Antonsson, Giuditta Filippini-Cattaneo, Marisa Jaconi, Anna Johnsson, Sten Linnarsson, Outi Hovatta and Juha Kere 1. Department of Bioinformatics and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83 Huddinge, Sweden 2. Science for Li...

Interrelationships of nutrients 3 Gillman, J. & Gillman, T. (1951). Perspectives in Human Mulnutvition. New York: Grune and Stratton. Harper, A. E. & Katayama, M. C. (1953). J. Nutv. 49, 261. Henry, K. M. & Kon, S. K. (1950). Biochim. biophys. Acta, 5, 455. Lea, C. H. & Hannan, K. S. (1950). Biochim. biophys. Actu, 4, 5 1 8 . Lofland, H. B. Jr., Clarkson, T. B. & Goodman, H. 0. (1961). Circulat...