Activation of T lymphocytes by Ags or cytokines results in translocation of the transcription factors NF-kappa B, AP-1, NFAT, and STAT from the cytoplasm into the nucleus. The first step in the nuclear import process is recognition of a nuclear localization sequence (NLS) within the karyophilic protein by a cytoplasmic receptor such as the importin (karyopherin)-alpha subunit. The NLSs of NF-ka...

Apo-2L/TRAIL (tumor-necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily and has recently been shown to induce apoptosis through engagement of the death receptors TRAIL-R1 (DR4) and TRAIL-R2 (DR5). The transcription factor nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B regulates the expression of genes involved in cancer cell invasion, metastasis, and resistance ...

The tyrosine kinase inhibitor herbimycin A was found to block NF-kappa B stimulation in response to interleukin-1 and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate in EL4.NOB-1 thymoma cells and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate in Jurkat T lymphoma cells. The effect appeared not to involve inhibition of tyrosine kinase activation as neither interleukin-1 nor phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate induced major chang...

In vivo, gastric infection with Helicobacter pylori leads to substantial production of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1, IL-6, TNF-alpha, and IL-8. H. pylori strains that contain the cag pathogenicity island (cag+) and are associated with ulceration and gastric carcinoma induce greater cytokine production than cag- strains. Expression of these cytokines is often regulated by the transcription fa...

BACKGROUND Dominant negative inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B (NF kappa B) signalling activity in a human osteosarcoma cell line (Saos2) results in malignant reversion and the induction of the osteoblast differentiating transcription factor, Runx2/Cbfa1. This observation suggests that there is an inverse relation between a transcription factor associated with malignant progression and chemo...

BACKGROUND Glomerular endothelial cells play a role in the pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis by producing chemotactic factors. We investigated the role of NF-kappa B and AP-1 in tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) induced monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) production in cultured human glomerular endothelial cells (HGEC). We also examined whether or not these processes could be mod...

We have shown that activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) promotes cell survival and expression of cytokines such as growth-regulated oncogene-alpha, which can modulate angiogenesis, growth, and metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Activation of NF-kappa B and cytoprotective genes in cancer may result from signal-induced phosphorylation and proteasome-dependent degradation of...

Asbestos fibers cause persistent induction of the oxidative stress sensitive transcription factors nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kappa B) and activator protein-1 (AP-1) in mammalian cells. These transcription factors play an important role in the regulation of cellular activity. Lipid peroxidation, mediated by reactive oxygen species, is thought to be a possible mechanism in the pathogenicity of a...

Inflammations form an integral part of the innate immunity against pathogenic infections. NF-κB represents a family of inducible transcription factors, which regulates a large array of genes involved in different processes of the immune and inflammatory responses. It is now clear that NF-κB signaling pathway is involved in the regulation of inflammation, contributing to the initiati...